Prostitution is the act of engaging in sexual activity with someone in exchange of money or any other economic benefits. The act of prostitution is done by both men, women or transgender. Prostitution has been around in our society for centuries and there has been many arguments about whether it should be legal or not. Currently prostitution has been legalized in 53 countries and illegal in 35 countries including Nepal.
Across different countries whether the act of prostitution be legal or illegal, the effects of prostitution has been the same. Many countries legalize prostitution believing that it reduces crime rate, improves the public health, increases tax revenue, boosts Tourism and many more, but these optimistic beliefs are easily over shadowed by the many negative effects of prostitution.
People believe that legalizing prostitution will have some positive effect but legalizing prostitution itself will bring many other negative effects on the society such as objectification of women, normalization of violence against prostitutes, increases the rate of women trafficking, reinforcing gender inequalities. A lot of clients of prostitution have a disgusting mindset that if they paid the prostitute, they have the right to do anything to them which in terms has caused many criminal activities such as sexual assault, rape, women trafficking, etc. In the countries where prostitution was legalized many of the women working there were victim of sexual or physical abuse. Whenever a prostitute says “NO” to the request of the client, violence and force is used to receive “consent”. The countries with legalized prostitution also have higher rate of human trafficking than the countries where prostitution is illegal. Prostitution reinforces gender inequality as mainly the women are lured into the act of prostitution due to the higher number of male clients.
Even if prostitution is legalized it still has its negative impact. Legalizing prostitution does not change the fact the women working in the industry are getting assaulted or violated. In comparison to countries where prostitution is not legalized the crime rate is even high in the legalized countries. It has more negative impacts than positive one as commodification of the human body will have a different mindset.
While the world was struggling with rising covid cases, Taiwanese were living their normal lives. It was May 2021 when Taiwan faced the biggest covid outbreak. Taiwan has been much appreciated for its phenomenal health care services like its 99% medical coverage to people and the infrastructure that has been set up. It is said that just 7 people have died from this virus. Taiwan has set up a National agency named Central Epidemic Command Center (CECC). During the outbreak, CECC would become the central public health authority that has access to information across all government agencies and will be the leading agency which will take all necessary precautions and actions to prevent the further spreading of the virus.. Over these 15 years, CECC was activated during three smaller outbreaks earlier.
After a novel pneumonia case rose from China, CECC was activated again. The government implemented a smart card system that stored medical information digitally for each individual. CECC was able to integrate citizen’s travel data with their health care data which allowed them to assess risk at the level of an individual. The government came up with a strategy of dividing people into two segments: High risk and low risk. People who had recently traveled or could have been in contact with the virus were kept in 14 days quarantine, were considered high risk. Those people at high risk were taken by a quarantined taxi to a designated place with no physical interaction with anyone. Whereas, people with no health issues or who did not have any recent travel history were considered low risk. Those low-risk individuals were provided with a dozen masks, sanitizers and lived a normal life.
With all these strategies in place, it was not enough to beat covid-19 in itself, additional strategies were put in place like everywhere else in the world. Strict lockdowns were implied throughout the country where no inter-country travel was allowed. People had to halt their lifestyles and stay home.
Taiwan is still getting its outbreak under control, which is only possible through vaccination and the meticulous health care services that the country has.
नदीको गड्गडाहट बनूँ कि
बनूँ म तलाउको स्थिर पानी ?
हावाको शीतल झोका बनूँ कि
बनूँ म आँधीको चर्को वेग ?
मन्दिरको देउता बनूँ कि
बनूँ म कुनै बालुवाभित्रको पत्थर ?
कोलाहलले भरिएकाे भिड बनूँ कि
बनूँ म शून्यताभित्रको शून्य ?
तँ देखिने दिनको घाम बनूँ कि
आफू देखिने रातको टोलाउने जून ?
तैँले देखाएको तँ बनूँ या
आफूले पाएको म बनूँ ?
तँ आफैँ भन् म के बनूँ ?
तँ आफैँ भन् म के बनूँ ?
Chernobyl Nuclear Facility consisted of four RBMK reactors out of which each reactor would generate 1000 Megawatt ( MW) of electricity. The Chernobyl Nuclear Facility was responsible for at least 10 percent of electricity supplied to Ukraine. Altogether the USSR consisted of ten 1000 RBMK nuclear power plants. On April 26 , reactor number 4 in Chernobyl exploded, marking it to be one of the deadliest nuclear disasters.
It was April 26 in the chilly afternoon of Saturday near the city of Pripyat, north of Ukranian SSR in the Soviet Union ( Modern Day Ukranian).Now the reason why Cheronobyl exploded can be partially explained because of the design fault but the other major issue it had, were the inadequate trained personnel inside the control room. The accident occured while running a safety test on an RBMK - type nuclear reactor.Chernobyl disaster is known to be one of the key factors which resulted in the downfall of Soviet Union.
To explain how serious the case was , 24 hours after the explosion, the exposed nuclear core produced radiation worth 40 nuclear bombs( the one dropped in Hiroshima).The longer the time the more radiation it would give.Today Chernobyl serves as tourist spot , it still isn’t operational and is still reactive. More than 49,000 people were evacuated, the officials stated it to be for a short period of time. To this date no one has returned and is by law illegal to live in Pripyat, which today is known as the exclusion zone.
There’s a series called Chernobyl on HBO where it has been explained well.
कानुन भनेको नियम हो । परिवार, समाज र राष्ट्र सबै नियमअनुसार चलेका हुन्छन्। राष्ट्रको मूल नियम भनेको संविधान हो । समाजिक मर्यादा, अनुशासन कायम गर्न सबै जनतालाई निर्देशन गर्ने काम कानुनले गर्छ ।
समाजमा अनेक प्रकारका मानिसहरू बसोबास गर्छन् । ती मानिसहरू सबै नैतिकवान् र नियम कानुनको पालना गर्ने खालका हुँदैनन् । अर्कातिर समाजमा आर्थिक रूपले कोही गरिब र केही धनी पनि हुन्छन् । गरिब तथा निमुखालाई धनीले थिचोमिचो गर्छन्, अन्यायमा पार्दछन् । त्यस्तो बेला कानुनको आवश्यकता पर्दछ । यदि कानुन भएन भने समाज मात्र होइन राष्ट्रमै निकै समस्याहरू बढ्दछन् र आउँदछन् । कानुनबिना अशान्ति पनि निकै नै फैलिन्छ त्यसैले सबै मानिसलाई नियन्त्रणमा ल्याउन कानुन निकै जरुरी छ ।
वास्तवमा कानुनले शान्ति सुरक्षा कायम गर्ने, जनधनको सुरक्षा गर्ने र राष्ट्रलाई कतैबाट कुनै प्रकारले क्षति हुन नदिने काम गर्छ । राष्ट्रको कानुनी दृष्टि मजबुत पार्न पनि कानुन बनाइएको हुन्छ । यसरी कानुनका आधारमा चल्ने राज्यलाई कानुनी राज भनिन्छ । कानुनले प्रमाण पाउन साथ त्यसैका आधारमा दोषी लाई दण्डसजाय दिने गर्दछ। कानुनी राज्यमा कानुन शक्तिशाली हुनुपर्छ । कानुन शक्तिशाली नभएको खण्डमा अनेकौँ विकृति देखा पर्न सक्छन् । यसले गर्दा कानुन पालना गर्ने र लागु गर्ने प्रश्नमा राज्यले कडा नीतिलाई अपनाउनै पर्छ ।
कोही कोही मानिसहरूले पैसाको लोभमा कानुन पनि मिचेको पनि देखिन्छ । हाम्रो देशमा सरकारहरूले पनि पैसा पाएमा कानुनलाई पनि क्षति गर्ने काम गर्दछन् । यसले गर्दा सबै मानिसहरूको हकले पनि मान्यता पाउने छैन । यसले गर्दा हामीले एकदम राम्रो र भरोसा हुने मानिसहरूलाई त्यस्तो पदमा राख्नुपर्छ ।
देशमा एकता र शान्ति ल्याउनका लागि कानुन निकै महत्त्वपूर्ण छ । यसले मानिसलाई अनुशासित बनाउँदछ । कानुनले सबै मानिसलाई नियन्त्रणमा ल्याउँदछ र क्षति गर्ने काम पनि घटाउँदछ । यसकारण देशमा एकदम तगडा र राम्रो खालका नियमहरू बनाउनुपर्दछ र त्यसको कार्यान्वयन गनि सही रूपमा गर्नुपर्दछ ।
A life without emotions would be boring and empty. Our experiences of love, anger, joy, fear, and other emotions energize and add color to our lives. Emotions are feelings that contain a pattern of cognitive, physiological, and behavioral responses to events. Emotion theorist Richard Lazarus, believed that motivation and emotions are always linked, because we only react emotionally when our motives and goals are gratified, threatened, or frustrated.
Emotions also have significant adaptive functions. Some emotions, such as fear, are part of an emergency arousal system that increases our chances of survival, for example when we are fighting or fleeing, when we are exposed to a threat or danger. But positive emotions such as interest, joy, excitement, contentment and love also have important adaptive functions. They help us build intimate relationships and expand our thinking and behavior so that we can explore, consider new ideas, try new ways to achieve goals, play games and enjoy what we have. Emotions are an important form of social communication. By providing clues about our internal states and intentions, emotions influence how other people behave towards us. For example, consider the effects of a crying baby on the mother, who generally responds with caring behaviors that are of obvious value to the baby's survival. Expressions of sadness and distress also evoke concern, empathy, and helpful behavior in others. Positive emotional expressions also pay off. A smiling baby is likely to increase parental feelings of affection and, increasing the likelihood that the child's biological and emotional needs will be met. Happy adults also tend to attract others and have supportive and more peaceful relationships. Emotions are triggered by external or internal stimuli. Emotional responses are the result of our assessment of these stimuli, which gives the situation a certain meaning.
Emotions are triggered by external or internal stimuli. Emotional responses result from our appraisals of these stimuli, which give the situation it’s perceived meaning and significance.
Our bodies respond physiologically to our appraisals. We may become physically aroused, as when we feel fear, joy, or anger; or we may experience decreased arousal, as when we feel contentment or depression. Emotions include behavior tendencies. Some are expressive behaviors such as smiling with joy or crying with sadness.
Whose chocolate is that? I think I know.
Its owner is quite happy though.
Full of joy like a vivid rainbow,
I watch her laugh, I cry hello.
She gives her chocolate a shake,
And laughs until her bellyaches.
The only other sound's the break,
Of distant waves and birds awake.
The chocolate is sweet, delicious, and deep,
But she has promises to keep,
After cake and lots of sleep.
Sweet dreams come to her cheap.
She rises from her gentle bed,
With thoughts of kittens in her head,
She eats her jam with lots of bread.
Ready for the day ahead
आकाश हो गन्तव्य जमिनले थामेको छ,
अब उडान भर्नु छ अतीतको दुःख भुली
सूर्यको तापले पनि नपग्लिने पङ्ख खोजी ।
समुद्रको बिचैबिच एउटा डुङ्गा तरिरहेको छ । मान्नुस्, त्याे डुङ्गामा तपाईं हुनुहुन्छ l डुङ्गामा तपाईंले अहिलेसम्म कमाएकाे सबै धनसम्पत्ति राखिएको छ तर अचानक खराब मौसमको कारण तपाईंंको डुङ्गाबाट तपाईंंको सबै धनसम्पत्ति समुद्रमा खस्न पुग्यो र कसो कसो गरी तपाईंंले आफ्नो ज्यान जोगाउन सफल हुनुभयो l अब तपाईंसँग दुईओटा मात्र विकल्प छन् l समुद्रको बिचैबिच आफ्नो धनसम्पत्ति गएको दुःखमा रुँदै बस्नु र अब जीवनमा केही पनि गर्न नसक्ने भनेर हार मान्नु l तपाईं त्यही डुबेको सम्पत्ति तपाईंंलाई कति महत्त्वपूर्ण थियो भनेर तपाईंले समुद्रको चिसो हावालाई बुझाउन सक्नुहुन्छ अथवा हार नमानी मौन भई समुद्रको किनारमा आउने बाटो खोजेर नयाँ सुरुवात गर्नु l
यस समुद्रको उदाहरणजस्तै हाम्रो जीवनमा पनि धेरै यस्ता अवस्थाहरू अlउँछन् तर सायद हामीलाई थाहा पनि हुँदैन कि हाम्रो जिन्दगीले हाम्रो परीक्षा लिइरहेको छ भनेर र त्यो जीवनको परीक्षामा दुःखको बिउमा मल दिने कि सुखको बिउमा मल दिने भन्ने उत्तर हामीमाथि नै निर्भर हुन्छ l अतीतको गल्तीलाई लिएर हाम्रो आउनेवाला सुमधुर भविष्यलाई बिगार्ने छौँ अथवा हामी त्यसबाट पाठ सिकेर अगाडि बढ्ने छौँ र सुमधुर भविष्य बनाउने छौँ, यो सबै हाम्रै हातमा हुने छ l पृथ्वीमा जन्म लिइसकेपछि हामीले दुःखलाई पन्छाउन सक्दैनाैँ l दुःखको त्यो कालो घडीमा दुःख मनाएर हारको त्यो कालो मुखौटोले छोपेको त्यो शरीरमा कहिले उज्यालोको प्रकाश छिर्न पाउँदैन l
हामी धेरै दुःखी तब हुँदैनाैँ जब नराम्रो घटना घट्छ, हामी दुःखी त तब हुन्छौँ जब त्यो अचानक घट्छ l असार महिना वर्षाको महिना हो भनेर हामी सबैलाई थाहा छ त्यसैले हामी बाहिर जाँदा हामीले पानीबाट बच्न पहिलेदेखि आफूसँग छाता बोकेर हिँड्छौँ । त्याे बेला थोरै पानीका थोपा शरीरमा पर्दा पनि हामीलाई त्यति दुःख लाग्दैन तर यदि चैत वैशाखमा हामी कतै बाहिर जाँदा पानीले भिजायो भने हामी धेरै दुःखी हुन्छौँ किनकि चैत वैशाख वर्षाको महिना हैन र हामीले पानीसँग बच्ने केही कुरा आफूसँग बोकेका हुँदैनाैँ र सबै कुरा अचानक हुन्छ l
त्यसैले हामीले केही कार्य गर्नुअघि त्यस कार्यको सकारात्मक र नकारात्मक पक्षलाई राम्रोसँग परीक्षण गर्नुपर्छ, जसका कारण यदि केही नकारात्मक घटना घटिहाल्यो भने पनि हामीसँग त्यो घटना अचानक हुँदैन र हामीले त्यो कालो क्षणलाई उज्यालोको प्रकाश दिन सक्छौँ l
बास्केटबल संसारभरि फैलिएको र संसारभरि धेरै मात्रामा खेलिने एक रोमाञ्चक खेल हो । यो खेललाई सन् १८९१ मा जमेस नैस्मिथ नामक मानिसले बनाएका थिए । यो खेलमा २ टिम एक आपसमा प्रतिस्पर्धा गर्दछन् । दुवै टिमबाट ५/५ जना गरी मैदानमा १० खेलाडीहरू हुन्छन् । यो खेल पहिलो, दाेस्रो, तेस्राे र चाैथाे क्वार्टर गरी ४ वटा क्वार्टरमा बाँडिएको हुन्छ । यो खेल संसारको ७ औँ श्रेणीमा पर्दछ ।
एन. बी. ए. (नेसनल बास्केटबल असोसिएसन) चर्चित बास्केटबल लिग हो । यो लिग सन् १९४६ जुन ६ मा न्युयोर्क भन्ने सहरबाट सुरु भएको थियो । यो लिग आजभन्दा ७५ वर्षअगाडि नै बनेको हो । यो लिगमा ३० ओटा टिम रहेका छन् र तिसमध्ये २९ ओटा युनाइटेड स्टेट्स्बाट छन् भने एउटा चाहिँ क्यानडाबाट ।
एन. बी. ए. २०२०-२१ अहिले सम्मको ७५ औँ सिजन थियो । ३० ओटा टिममध्ये १६ ओटा टिम प्लेअफबाट आएका थिए । ८ ओटा टिम इस्टर्न कन्फेरेन्स् र अरू ८ टिम वेस्टर्न कन्फेरेन्स्बाट आएका थिए । इस्टर्नबाट अरू टिमलाई हराउँदै मिलवाकी बक्स् र एट्लान्टा हक्स सेमिफाइनलमा पुगेका थिए । त्यसैगरी वेस्टर्नबाट अरू टिममाथि विजय हासिल गर्दै लस एन्जलस क्लिपर्स् र फिनिक्स सन सेमिफाइनलमा पुगेका थिए ।
बक्स् र हक्सको खेलमा बक्स् हक्सलाई पराजित गर्दै इस्टर्न कन्फेरेन्स्बाट फाइनलमा पुगेको थियो । त्यसैगरी वेस्टन कन्फेरेन्स्का दुई टिमबाट लस एन्जलस क्लिपर्सलाई हराउँदै फिनिक्स सन फाइनलमा पुगेकाे थियाे । यी दुई टिमबिच भएको कडा प्रतिस्पर्धापछि फिनिक्स सनलाई हराउँदै मिलवाकी बक्स् एन. बी. ए. २०२०-२१ काे विजेता टिम बन्याे । ५० वर्षपछि मिलवाकी बक्स्ले यो साल एन. बी. ए.को कप उठाएको हो ।
I got an opportunity to study in Kathmandu, as most of us “outsiders” always long for what Kathmandu is like and what I will get from there. I was very excited to visit Kathmandu, and mostly I was very excited for my first flight. On Poush 2077, I along with my friends got an opportunity to visit Kathmandu from Phidim. First, we took a Taxi to reach Bhadrapur because the airport is in Bhadrapur, Jhapa district. After we reached Bhadrapur, we started moving to the airport.
We were very excited to travel by airplane. That was the first time that we saw an airport. After some Formal chit-chat, we went for the security check. After the security check, we entered inside for the Boarding pass. The Buddha Airways flight was scheduled to leave at 1:30 pm. The Flight was on time and luckily, I had the window seat which doubled my excitement. I was fully prepared and waiting for the take-off. Before take-off, Air hostesses introduced themself and they told us about safety rules. Both introductory sessions were in English and Nepali language so it was easy to understand. Finally, the time came, the plane was moving forward on the runway, I felt the jolt throughout till the opposite end and all the while I was feeling as if I was in a bus. Finally, it took an about-turn and increased the speed exponentially. Within a few seconds, I was high, up in the sky. The view was breathtaking. The roads, buildings, rivers, fields, everything was very tiny, all seemed like lines, toys, etc. The city looked like a small toy model of a city.
My ears were humming initially when the plane increased in height, but later on, everything was fine. The distance from Bhadrapurto Kathmandu is about 50 minutes but most airplanes took about 1 hour to land. I had heard of peoples’ experiences of getting chocolates, drinks, etc but I didn't get anything, whether they were lying or I wasn’t lucky. I had this feeling throughout. Finally, I got to know it was because of covid-19, and that time was so risky to travel. Finally, we reached Kathmandu at 2:30 pm. The Tribhuvan International airport is really big and the view is so eye-catching. After reaching there, we received our bags and a bus dropped us off at the airport. So, many planes were lined up there. It was one of the most memorable experiences of my life.
The answer representing our world today is a big “ YES” as most of the South Asian population is labeled as misogynists and people with lower mindsets or standards of treating women. But, my perspective is not to elaborate on this present status, rather this article will tend to explore the state of our women in prehistoric Vedic times where there was no interference of Britishers and influence of Californication.
This time is known as the Rig Vedic Period [ 1500BCE-1100 BCE].
In order to prove the prominence of women in that time, we can take examples of their involvement in the family’s economic status. Women had an equal contribution to the financial status of the family by engaging themselves in the local professions at that time like weaving, sewing, and corn grinding, etc. Also, we cannot forget their involvement in wars and defense. Women had great pride and personality. If we carefully read the hymns of rig Veda and interpret them, every sexist thought that we have will get eliminated. In fact, most of the mantras of rig Veda are written by women. This involvement of women in writing the holiest scriptures of the religion itself proves to answer the patriarchal blames for the religion. In terms of having a voice and rights, women were jubilated with freedom and independence having access to education, proper guidance, and active participation in public discourse. One of the hymns when translated says that “the woman and her new husband are of the same level as her previous husband”. This clarifies that a widow’s marriage was permitted at that time.
Women at that time had immense respect and validation, not for being a housewife or mistress but a true individual with great potential to serve humanity. In my opinion, what degrades our norms and forms all these taboos and sexist beliefs might be a consequence of several invasions, different colonial myths, and of course the “Californication”.
एक दिन बेलुकीको कुरा हाे, म कतैबाट घर आएको थिएँ । मेरो घरकै छेउमा वडा कार्याल पनि छ । त्यहाँ मैले ठुलो भिडभाड देखेँ । त्यहाँ बुझ्दै जाँदा त्यो भिड जनचेतना कार्यक्रममा सहभागी हुने मानिसहरूको रहेछ ।
त्यस दिन जिल्लाबाट जनचेतनाको कार्यक्रम लिएर हाकिम साहेब वडा कार्यालमा आउनुभएको थियो । मेराे बुवा वडा अध्यक्ष भएकाले हाकिम साहेबले बुवालाई खोज्नुभयो र सबै कुरा सम्झाउनुभयो । बुवा त्यस कार्यक्रमा आफैँ सहभागी हुनुभयो र गाउँका अरू महिलाहरूलाई पनि त्यस कार्यक्रममा सहभागी हुनका निम्ति बोलाउनुभयो । बुवाले बाटो हिँड्दै गर्नुभएकी एकजना दिदीलाई अरू पनि २०-३० जना महिलाहरूलाई बोलाइदिनु भन्नुभयो । ती दिदीले गाउँका केही महिलाहरूलाई बोलाउनुभयो र कार्यक्रम सुरु भयो । अन्त्यमा कार्यक्रम सकिँदा हाकिम साहेबले त्यहाँ उपस्थित भएका सबै जनालाई नास्ता खुवाउने सोच्नुभएकाे रहेछ । हाकिम साहेबले खाजाका निम्ति त्यहाँ उपस्थित हुनुभएका सबै महिलाहरूलाई प्रतिव्यक्ति ३०० रुपैयाँ दिनुभयो । त्यहाँ हाकिम साहेबले सबैजनालाई उपस्थितिमा सही छाप गर्न लगाएर उनीहरूलाई खाजा खाने पैसा दिएर बिदा गर्नुभयो । उनीहरूलाई पैसा त दिइयो तर उनीहरूलाई त्यो पैसा किन दिएको हो भन्ने कुरा थाहा नै थिएन ।
जब सबैजनालाई वडा कार्यालयबाट बिदा गरियो । त्यसकाे केही बेरपछि कार्यालयअगाडि टन्नै भिडभाड देखियो । मैले यसाे बुझ्दै जाँदा त्यो भिडभाड त्यही पैसा दिएको कारणले भएको रहेछ । मैले घरछेउकै एकजना आमालाई किन पैसा दिइएकाे रहेछ भनेर सोधेँ । मलाई ती आमाले भन्नुभयाे, “त्यहाँ वडा कार्यालयमा छाप लगाउन लगाएर पैसा दिइएकाे छ भन्ने हल्ला छ ।” गाउँका सबै मनिसहरूमा के हल्ला फैलिएको रहेछ भने मान्छे छानी छानी पैसा बाँडिएको छ । मानिसहरूले बुझ्न नसकेर त्यस्ताे गलत हल्ला फैलिएको रहेछ । मलाई त त्यो कुरा सुन्दा एक छिन हाँस पनि उठ्यो किनभने मैले यस्ताे सोचेँ कि जनचेतना कार्यक्रमकै बेला यस्तो चेतनाहीन हल्ला !
मलाई यस्तो लाग्छ कि त्यो गलत हल्ला मानिसहरूले बुझ्न नसकेर भएको रहेछ । साँच्चिकै यहाँ, हाम्रो गाउँमा शिक्षाको कमीले गर्दा यहाँका मानिसहरूमा जनचेतनाको कमी देखिएको जस्तो लाग्छ मलाई ।
