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Effects of music on brain
- Simon Sangat - 22019, Grade X ... 23 February, 2022

Music is not just sounds having melody, rhythm, or harmony. Music is the expression of deep emotions and feelings. Studies have shown that music can lighten up your mood and even help escape depression. When we listen to music, a hormone called dopamine is released in our brain. Dopamine is generally responsible for happiness, satisfaction and pleasure.The human brain has evolved over 55,000 years of exposure to music to the point where the audio frequencies we encounter can produce precise and instant changes in our lives.

Music has the ability to quiet our minds, which is why most restaurants have soft music playing in the background so that customers can relax while eating. This marketing tactic results in profit  since consumers who feel calm are more likely to spend more time in the restaurant, which means they will order more. Every civilization throughout human history has incorporated music into their daily life in some manner. Even tribes that were cut off from the rest of the world created their own tunes to express spirituality, mark the occasion and cherish memories, and pass down traditions. Music has also been shown to promote intelligence and focus, improve mental health, strengthen the immune system, and boos

t self-esteem and confidence. It can be used to relax, improve concentration, or boost and brighten our mood. Music can also help with insomnia by encouraging and inducing a deeper slumber. Music also has the ability to induce strong emotional responses, such as goosebumps and thrills. Pleasant music may cause the release of pleasure neurotransmitters like dopamine. Music is an easy method to change your mood or reduce tension. After a severe injury, music can help to restore some of the brain's cognitive, sensory, and motor functions. Music has a much greater impact on us than simply putting us in a good mood. Music does everything from energizing our mind to easing stress, evoking emotions, and soothing your soul.

The temporal lobe is critical in evoking emotional reactions from music as it processes what we hear across both the left and right hemispheres of the brain. The left hemisphere processes words, while the right hemisphere processes music. We use both hemispheres whether we're listening to songs with words or not, and it's often the lyrics that trigger the emotional reaction much more than the melody and harmony.

So music promotes well-being, enhances learning, stimulates cognitive function, improves quality of life, and even induces happiness.This is, because music can activate almost all brain regions and networks, it can help to keep our brain networks strong, including those networks that are involved in well-being, learning, cognitive function, and happiness. Even when it comes to brain development, music can be beneficial. Playing an instrument, for example, is believed to enhance gray matter volume in specific parts of the brain. Certain music may take you back decades in a heartbeat. It is because music-related memories are emotional memories that never fade away. Music stimulates emotion, and emotion can trigger memories. It provides a sense of life when nothing else can. Music is one of the few things in the world that engages the full brain rather than just a part of it. It provides us with strong coping mechanisms and shapes the way we perceive the world around us.

Music therapy has been found to be an effective therapy for a variety of disorders, like depression. Music therapy was proven to be a reliable method to improve depression and anxiety in patients with neurological disorders such as dementia, strokes, and Parkinson's disease. While music can have a mood-altering effect, the genre of music is equally essential. Classical and meditation music have the most positive effects on mood, whereas heavy metal songs help process anger and frustration.
Music's psychological impacts can be extremely profound. Music therapy is a treatment that is occasionally used to improve emotional health, stress management, and psychological well-being. According to several studies, our musical preferences provide information about many characteristics of our personality. According to one study, listening to more upbeat music improved processing speed, while listening to both upbeat and downbeat music improved memory.In a nutshell, music has remarkable power to increase overall brain functioning ,communication and emotional stability.

Michel Jackson once said “ To live is to be musical, starting with blood dancing on your veins. Everything living has a rhythm.” 


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पैसा
- Kabin Rijal - 22010, Grade XI ... 22 February, 2022

म कलमलाई कदममा राख्ने कर्मदाता हुँ, 
अस्तित्वको पहिचान मबाट हुन्छ अर्थात् म पैसा हुँ, 
अतुलनीय शक्ति छ यो संसारमा मेरो
मानिसकाे खुसी, दुःख वा तनाव सबैको कारण म ।

बेग्लै छ, म सामु हुँदाको खुसी
मेराे अभाव भएको बेलाको दुःख 
कलियुगको कर्मको फल हुँ म,
मानिसको दिनरातको सपना अर्थात् पैसा हुँ म ।

परिवारको सम्बन्धमा चोट र मानिसको नियतमा खोट
सबै राम्रा वा नराम्रा क्रियाकलापको दुष्ट जरा हुँ म
कसैको सपनाको चाबी हुँ म 
कसैको कल्पनाको आधार हुँ म
चोटमा मलम लगाउने र शरीरमा चोट लाग्ने कारण हुँ म ।

धनी र गरिबबिचको अन्तर हुँ म
भगवान्‌लाई चढाउने घुस हुँ म
जीवनको सुरुवात र अन्त्य हुँ म
नियमलाई आफ्नै ढङ्गले परिवर्तन गर्ने सांसद हुँ म अर्थात् पैसा हुँ म ।


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Ukraine and Russia crisis
- Ashraya Karki - 23066, Grade ... 21 February, 2022

Tensions between Ukraine and Russia, both former Soviet states, escalated in late 2013 over a landmark political and trade deal with the European Union. After the pro-Russian then President, Viktor Yanukovych, suspended the talks reportedly under pressure from Moscow weeks of protests in Kyiv capital of Ukraine erupted into violence and riot. Adding up fuel to the fire, the issues started to escalate when Russia took over Crimea in 2014. Although it was believed to be part of Ukraine, Russia intervened with a mass military march toward the Ukraine border and encroached on it forcefully. Russia has amassed more than 100,000 troops near the Ukrainian border, US officials say, including moving troops to neighbor Belarus for military exercises. This has included sending more equipment to separatists in eastern Ukraine, according to the Ukrainian defense intelligence. It is said Russia had sent “7,000 tons of fuel, several tanks, and self-propelled artillery systems, other weapons, and ammunition, including artillery systems and mortars” to the separatist regions with the full preparation for a year-long war.

Russia doesn’t want Ukraine to be part of NATO because as we all know Russia is a pro-communist country and doesn't want any of its neighboring countries to be part of the western alliance Ukraine has warned that Russia is trying to destabilize the country ahead of any planned military invasion. Western powers have repeatedly warned Russia against further aggressive moves against Ukraine.
The Kremlin denies it is planning to attack and argues that NATO support for Ukraine including increased weapons supplies and military training constitutes a growing threat on Russia's western flank. Ukraine's government insists that Moscow cannot prevent Kyiv from building closer ties with NATO if it chooses."Russia cannot stop Ukraine from getting closer with NATO and has no right to have any say in relevant discussions," the Foreign Ministry said in a statement to CNN, in response to Russian calls for NATO to halt its eastward expansion. Alexander Boris De Pfeffel Johnson the prime minister of the United Kingdom also passed a comment in the parliament that “ Invading Ukraine would be disastrous and a painful violent and bloody business ”  whereas there is no solid remark from the United States of America. Now, the world is waiting for a Geopolitical twist and hoping for both Russia and Ukraine to come up with better solutions and understanding.


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People should not be judged by their appearance
- Shreejal Khatri - 2022024, Gr ... 21 February, 2022

A person should never be judged by a person's external appearances. The looks do not always reflect the way we are. We can make a lot of  mistakes when we let the external appearance describe everything about a person. We are all not born similar, we are all different from each other so we look different than each other.

It is true that we might be able to tell some outward qualities but we can never tell what a person is like from the inside just from his/her looks. The way we dress, the way we make our hairstyle different, the way we express our mood are all different and even different at a certain time as always. Maybe someone just likes to wear baggy clothes or someone likes to wear some tight clothes and that’s perfectly normal and it does not whatsoever describe a person’s personality. At first sight, one can describe someone in a completely different way than what they turn out to be when you get to know them well. Some people even have two faces meaning they tend to act differently around people and differently when they are alone of not with their friends or family, Some people who wear extra fashionable clothes are not always just spoiled people who don’t value their money, At first sight we just think that they don’t value their money and start to tell how careless they are but we never know how the person really is. Maybe he/she just likes to wear fashionable clothes or they just have an interest in fashion and stuff. Same goes with the people who don’t like to dress well on any occasion and they just like to be casual, that does not mean they don’t have the money to afford expensive and fashionable clothes but rather they just don’t mind about such type of stuff. Well it cannot be denied that appearance can make so much difference when meeting someone, everywhere we have heard that our first impression must be good to let people know that we are well mannered. And that is somehow true as we don’t want to lose interview with an unironed shirt or a bunch of holes in the clothes as that makes us not really interested in the job. Well that is what people will think but we again never know the limits of the person, who knows maybe he who got rejected from the job who was just not dressed well will make a huge impact on the other companies and become more successful. So that’s an example of why we shouldn’t just judge someone's quality from their appearance. We have had experiences about these things, like remembering the friends now that you had made back in the days, Did you think they were different? Did you think they turned out to be something else? Or did it just turn out to be exactly what you thought? And we had surely gotten something different from what we thought they might have been.

It is fine to think or make assumptions in our minds but we should never say it out loud, as we don’t know the other person like what is going on with his life and what he wants all we wanna know is  if the person has a good mindset and the passion or does he not by his behavior and not his appearance. 


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इन्द्रेणी
- Diya Bajracharya - 23021, Gra ... 21 February, 2022

कालो बादल र कडा हावाको बिचमा पनि
इन्द्रेणीले हामीलाई अझै
सुन्दरता जीवित छ भनेर सम्झाउँछ,
जीवन इन्द्रेणीजस्तै हो,
यसको रङ्ग हेर्न
तपाईंलाई घाम र वर्षा दुवै चाहिन्छ ।

सबैजना खुसी हुन चाहन्छन्,
कसैलाई पीडा मन पर्दैन, 
तर पनि अलिकति पीडाबिना 
इन्द्रेणी बन्न सक्दैन ।

तपाईंलाई इन्द्रेणीले देखेको छ,
जसलाई सामान्यतया प्रेमको रङ्ग भनिन्छ,
र जब तपाईं र तपाईंको विशेष साथीले 
अन्तत भेट्नुहुन्छ,
तपाईं एकसाथ 
आत्मीय पुनर्मिलनमा समाहित हुनुहुन्छ,
फेरि कहिल्यै अलग हुनुहुन्न ।

यदि तपाईंले तल हेर्नुभयो भने 
तपाईंले इन्द्रेणी कहिल्यै देख्नुहुने छैन ।
परमेश्वरले आफ्ना प्रतिज्ञाहरू कायम राख्नुहुन्छ,
जुन इन्द्रेणीको वास्तविक अर्थ हो ।


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Bioweapons
- Ishu Shiwakoti - 22009, Grade ... 18 February, 2022

Humans have been fighting each other for power and have engaged in numerous wars and battles in order to survive or to prove that they are the strongest for long. This prompted humans to devise a plethora of strategies for defeating the enemy. One of these methods was the development of firearms. It all started with the creation of arrows, daggers, and even fatal toxins extracted from animals, all for the purpose of causing pain. Whether the target was an enemy or an obstacle to their goal. Despite the presence of biological weapons since ancient times, man has invented so-called biological weapons thanks to technological advancements in the twentieth century, but biological warfare has reached its highest and most dangerous level since the twentieth century. 
Biological agents are extremely powerful and effective weapons, but the damage they cause is far more dangerous than most people realize. BioWeapons can have a long-term impact on living organisms, destroying ecosystems and causing genetic defects in future generations. Regardless of how dangerous BioWeapons are, their use is also immoral and anti-human. Bacteria, viruses, and other disease-causing agents are examples of biological weapons. Often used in wars between countries, these agents aim to harm, injure, or kill the enemy or target. These agents can be used to harm specific people or a specific country or city. 
Biological weapons, in my opinion, should be prohibited. International efforts and the medical community should work together to set moral boundaries for some of these research projects that develop lethal weapons. Furthermore, the media must raise public awareness of the dangers of biological weapons and demonstrate how to deal with them or respond if a biological agent attack occurs.


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अनुराधा कोइराला
- Gaurishreya Shahi - 23055, Gr ... 18 February, 2022

अनुराधा कोइराला, जसलाई  मायाले दिज्जु (जेठी दिदी) भनिन्छ, उनको जन्म १४ अप्रिल १९४९ मा भएको थियो । उनका बुबाको नाम प्रताप गुरुङ र आमाको नाम लक्ष्मी गुरुङ हो । उनले भारतको कलिम्पोङको हिलस्टेसनमा पढेकी थिइन् । यही सेन्ट जोसेफ कन्भेन्ट स्कुलका आमा र दिदीबहिनीहरूले उनको सामाजिक कार्यप्रतिको सम्पर्णलाई अझ बढाए ।

मदर टेरेसा सधैँ उनको प्रेरणाको सबैभन्दा ठुलो स्रोतका रूपमा रहिन् । उनले काठमाडौँ वरपरका विभिन्न विद्यालयमा बालबालिकालाई पढाउन २० वर्षभन्दा बढी समय बिताइन् । यद्यपि यसले उनमा ठुलो सन्तुष्टि ल्याए पनि उनले महसुस गरिन् कि उनीसँग पूरा गर्न ठुलो व्यक्तिगत इच्छा छ । व्यावसायिक यौन शोषणका लागि नेपालभित्र र बाहिर बालबालिका, युवती र महिला बेचबिखन हुने गरेको छ । तसर्थ, सन् १९९३ मा उनले असह्य पीडा सहने बालबालिका र महिला दुवैका लागि सेवा प्रदान गर्ने उद्देश्यले माइती नेपालकाे स्थापना गरिन् ।

माइती नेपालको स्थापना गरेपछि उनी मानवताको सेवामा लागिन् । उनको पहिलो काम घर बनाउनु थियो, जसले गर्दा उनले अरू कतै काेही नभएका मानिसहरूलाई बास प्रदान गर्न सकुन् । अहिले माइती नेपालसँग तीन रोकथाम गृह, ११ ट्रान्जिट होम, २ धर्मशाला र एउटा औपचारिक विद्यालय छ । माइती नेपालबाट दैनिक एक हजारभन्दा बढी बालबालिकाहरूले प्रत्यक्ष्य सेवा लिइरहेका छन् । यो सबै उनको दृढ सङ्कल्प र अभूतपूर्व नेतृत्वले गर्दा सम्भव भएको हो ।

माइती नेपालले आज धेरै प्रकारका गतिविधिहरू सञ्चालन गर्दछ । सचेतना अभियान, सामुदायिक सचेतना कार्यक्रम, उद्दार कार्य, बेचबिखन नियन्त्रण, समस्यामा परेकालाई कानुनी सहयोग, महिला सशक्तीकरण कार्यक्रम, तालिम, एचआइभी सङ्क्रमित बालबालिका तथा महिलालाई एन्टी रेट्रो भिराल थेरापी (एआरटी) उपलब्ध गराउनेजस्ता गतिविधि माइती नेपालका नियमित गतिविधि हुन् ।

अनुराधा कोइरालाले बालबालिका तथा महिला अधिकारका लागि गरेको साहसी कार्य र उपलब्धिको कदर गर्दै हालसम्म ३८ वटा राष्ट्रिय तथा अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय पुरस्कारहरूबाट सम्मानित भइसकेकी छिन् । केही राष्ट्रिय र अन्तरार्ष्ट्रिय पुरस्कारहरू निम्नलिखित छन्: प्रबल गोर्खा दक्षिण बहु पदक - नेपाल १९९९, त्रिशाक्तिपट्ट पुरस्कार २००२, वर्षको उत्कृष्ट सामाजिक कार्यकर्ता पुरस्कार - नेपाल १९९८, जर्मन युनिफेम पुरस्कार २००७, क्विन सोफिया सिल्भर मोडल अवार्ड २००७, करेज अफ कन्सिनेन्स आदि । उनको निरन्तर सङ्घर्षको कारणले नेपाल सरकारले अब सेप्टेम्बेर ५ लाई बेचबिखनविरुद्ध दिवसका रूपमा मान्यता दिएको छ । अनुराधा कोइरालालाई उनको योगदानको कदरस्वरूप महिला बालबालिका तथा समाज कल्याण राज्यमन्त्रीमा पनि नियुक्त गरिएको थियो ।

उनलाई बच्चाहरूसँग समय बिताउन मन पर्छ । उनी आत्मप्रेरित व्यक्ति हुन्, जसले सामूहिक वातावरणमा वा स्वतन्त्र रूपमा नेतृत्वदायी भूमिकाका साथ नयाँ र गतिशील चुनौतीहरूको स्वाद लिन्छिन् ।

सन् २०२० मा उनी सिएनएन हिरो घोषित भएकी थिइन् । यो मानव बेचबिखनको सामाजिक खराबीसँग लड्नु उनको सङ्घर्ष र करुणाको परिणाम थियो । सिएनएन नायकको रूपमा उनको जित राष्ट्रको लागि गौरव र सम्मान हो ।


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