थाहा छैन 

पारिजात फूल सूर्य अस्ताएपछि मगमगाएझैँ 

के म पनि आफ्नो क्षणिक जीवनमा 

नागबेली बाटो बिराएपछि पनि रहन्छु होला ?

स्मृतिको सँगालोलाई अर्थ जसरी नै बाटेर जान पाउँला....

सानैदेखि सुनिरहेका अमर कृति घाँसी, मुनामदन

के मेरो जीवनमा गर्ने कर्मलाई 

त्यही परिवेशमा राख्न म सफल हुँला र !

परिवारकाे मात्र स्मृति नभएर 

के म पनि कर्मले 

स्मरणीय प्रतीक बन्न सफल हुँला र !

The time is not fixed

the way is not fixed,

But we know something

That is, we will not forever live.

Let the almighty decide

what has he cast upon us,

All we can hope for now

is that it's too far.

The way of living can’t be changed 

so the happening must be faced,

Not you nor I know how

let's hope it's not now.

What is after?

Who found the after?

No one ever got to find,

Because no one rose from death.

After a century, who will be here?

The new generation shall rule everywhere,

Oh, the almighty after death what is there?

oh almighty, why can't you share?

Brain drain, often referred to as human capital flight, occurs when highly educated and skilled professionals leave their home country for opportunities abroad. Brain drain is not favourable for any country as it causes a shortage of skilled and educated manpower. Brain drain can be caused by a variety of factors, some of which include political instability, a lack of opportunities, inadequate access to better health and educational resources, etc. Every day, we congratulate someone we know for acquiring Visas and bid farewell to our loved ones at the departures of Tribhuvan International Airport for a better life. This trend of travelling overseas is growing daily, with almost 70% of young people keen on leaving Nepal and going abroad. According to data from 2021–2022 A.D., almost a million young people have departed the nation in quest of a better future.

The Reason behind Nepal's Brain Drain

Considering Nepal’s context Brain drain is currently becoming a significant problem in Nepal, and some of its causes are:

Economical Factors:

Creating enough high-quality jobs with good salaries is challenging due to insufficient industrial growth and unstable economic conditions. In addition, a lack of job opportunities is caused by underdeveloped industries.

Educational Factors:

Many students believe that higher education abroad offers better qualifications and education because of the poor quality of education they receive. In addition, many of them have plans to pursue higher education abroad due to funding and infrastructure constraints.

Political factors:

The political unrest in Nepal, where the government switches every year or two without serving out the entire term, has angered a lot of its citizens and impeded economic progress, in addition to causing devastation and a lack of services.

For these reasons, the people of Nepal are compelled to leave their country in search of a better future. To secure a bright future, Nepalese citizens are forced to travel overseas in quest of high-quality facilities and services.

The Problem of Brain Drain in Nepal

Since many of the Nepalese citizens have fled abroad, this has caused problems like a lack of skilled manpower and also health care challenges like a lack of nurses and doctors. Additionally, social issues such as family division and the erosion of cultural and social values become evident. Furthermore, the lack of skilled labour causes Nepalese people to deal with issues like subpar services, sluggish development, etc.

A Solution to Nepal’s Brain Drain 

It is crucial to find a solution because of the numerous issues and growing brain drain. Some of the potential solutions the government should focus on include:

Generate employment opportunities.

Develop industries and factories.

Enhance education and training.

Ensure competitive compensation.

Prioritise political stability and the presence of good governance.

Elevate overall quality of life.

In conclusion, brain drain is a major issue in Nepal, creating various problems like lack of skilled manpower, delayed development, etc and some of the main causes of brain drain are political instability and lack of good education and health facilities. Due to the increasing brain drain, we must ensure to find a solution to stop the trend of the brain drain if possible; if not, we should limit it.

घरकी कान्छी छोरी

सबैले भन्छन् गोरी

आमाबुवाकी प्यारी 

दाजुभाइकी नानी ।।

पुतलीझैँ नाच्छिन्

खेल्न रमाउँछिन्

दुई चुल्टो बाटी

स्कुल मन पराउँछिन् ।।

चञ्चल छ स्वभाव

हँसिलो छ मुहार

सबैभन्दा प्यारी

मेरी सानी बहिनी ।।

घाँस र काँडाले भरिएकाे एउटा सानाे बगैँचा

बगैँचाभरि फाहाेर

मालीमा पनि थिएन 

फूल फल्ने आश

अचम्म भयाे एक बिहान

बगैँचामा  फुल्याे सुन्दर निलाे गुलाब

गुलाबका साथ थिए अरु फूल

तर माली ढुबेकाे थियाे केवल गुलाबमा

पानी मल दिनहुँ हाल्थयाे ऊ गुलाबमा

गुलाब पनि झन सुन्दर हुँदै थियाे

जाडाे लागेसँगै गुलाब फुलेन

मालीलाई थाहा भएन

बिस्तारै उसले गुलाबमा ध्यान दिन छाड्याे

आँखा उसका डुले अरु फुलमा

भुल्दै गयाे उसले गुलाबलाई 

रमाउन लाग्याे ऊ अरु फुल हेरेर

गुलाब गयाे सुकेर

जाडाे सकिएपछि हर बगैँचामा थिए अरु फूल

चारैतिर झारजस्तै थिए ती फूल

कहीँ नदेखिने निलाे गुलाब सम्झियाे उसले

तर अब त्याे मरेकाे बाेट कहिल्यै फुल्दैन

त्याे अद्वितीय फुल 

केबल अब उसकाे सम्झना मात्र फुल्छ 

Life, a timeless beauty,

Fluctuates between highs and lows,

Holding unspoken truths and broken vows,

Where each second brings arrivals and farewells.

Life, a winding road,

Reveals its hidden secrets,

Unloading myriad happenings,

Yet leaving many truths untold.

Life, a treasure chest,

Holds both sorrow and pleasure,

Alternating  calmness and pressure,

Its true meaning immeasurable.

Life, an unsolved mystery,

A perpetual evolution,

Full of twist and turns,

Each moment an opportunity to yearn and learn.

Artificial intelligence (Al) is the simulation of human intelligence in computers designed to think and behave like humans. According to Precedence Research, a company and one of the leading providers of strategic market insights, the global artificial intelligence (Al) market size is expected to reach US$1,597.1 billion by 2030, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAR) of 38.1% between 2022 and 2030. This indicates that Al is rapidly evolving and is likely to have an impact on our daily lives. Likewise, it is expected to have a significant impact on education and the learning environment. The integration of Al into the classroom is one of the popular topics of discussion. This topic is becoming more popular as OpenAls ChatGPT demonstrated that Al can replace many jobs while also supporting many existing jobs. ChatGPT, an OpenAl general-purpose conversational Al language model built on GPT-3, gained over a million users in its first week of release. Its ability to generate human-like text in response to prompts and participate in open-ended discussions on a variety of themes marks a new step in conversational Al.

In a simple chat format, ChatGPT can answer test questions, assist with homework, and produce academic articles, and essays. It can replace search engines like Google which students use for quick information searches. These Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools, such as ChatGPT, can provide students with customized feedback and coaching based on their specific learning needs and abilities. Conversational interfaces can make all students' learning more dynamic and engaging, keeping them motivated and interested. ChatGPT can be used to grade assignments and provide quick feedback to students, benefiting teachers in expediting the assessment process and saving time. In the context of Nepal, such tools as ChatGPT can be extremely beneficial because they can provide students and teachers with robust education resources, cost-efficiently. They also help students and teachers improve their digital literacy, allowing them to meet the standard of the international market.

While the application of Al in education has the potential to be useful, the possible consequences and ethical concerns remain unknown. The intervention of Al in today's education system is not a new topic thus before deploying Al in education, educational institutions and governments must carefully evaluate these aspects. Despite the popularity and benefits of integrating Al into education, there are many challenges as well. I've categorized the challenges into two major factors: the technical perspective and the users' perspective.

Technical Perspective:

The digital divide between public and private schools, rural and urban areas, and rich and poor communities is significant. Integrating these technologies into schools and colleges requires lots of resources such as the installation and operation of computers, access to the internet and electricity to run computers. The digital divide is a grim reality of Nepal which is expected to further expand with the intervention of Information and Communication Technology.

Furthermore, there are other technological constraints like maintaining and managing an Al system that demands substantial resources and skill.

The majority of schools and educators are unable to integrate these NLP tools due to a lack of technical resources.

Users' Perspective:

There are discussions concerning the possible positive impact of integrating Al into the classroom. Some teachers may be hesitant about using Al, either because they are unfamiliar with it or because they're concerned about how it could affect their responsibilities and duties. Another concern about using Al in the class is that Al is impersonal, they may be unable to engage students in the same way that a human instructor can. Al cannot create learning material that is unique to a student. The learning ability and methodologies of a student can be different from others which teachers can map and design accordingly. On the contrary, Al has uniformity for all students.

Conclusion:

The challenges of integrating Al into the classroom cannot be ignored but its ability to foster educational innovation and development in a variety of ways outweighs it. By providing robust and engaging learning experiences for students, improving the efficiency of teaching and learning, and supporting research and development in education, Al is likely to become an increasingly important tool for driving innovation and improvement in education, and it will be critical to continue to monitor and assess its impact on teaching and learning as it evolves and advances.

हिमाल पहाड तराई

कोही छैनन् पराई।

धेरै उच्च छन् हिमाल

यही हो हाम्रो नेपाल ।

छन् यहाँ हरिया वन

खेती नै हो यहाँको धन । 

निक्कै छ हाम्रो देशमा कृषि

कोहि बने ज्ञानी कोही बने ऋषि । 

खोला छ धेरै पानी पनि

विश्वमा दोस्रो धनी हाैँ हामी ।

उचाईमा कसले छुन सक्छ र

गोर्खाली भन्दा निडर को हुन सक्छ र ।  

पाइन्छ यहाँ निकै अमूल्य काठ

छन् यहाँ धेरै मिहिनेत हात । 

अन्त्य गरी हातपात

मिलेर रहौँ साथसाथ । 

कुशे औँसीको दिनमा जन्मिएका भट्ट

पाँच वर्षकै उमेरमा पढ्न थाले कासीमा सट्ट।

सिके धेरै भाषा, बुझे अनेक कला

भानुभक्तलाई चिनाए, सबैका माझका थला ।

कलमले लेखे मोतीरामले सुन्दर छन्द

भानुभक्तको कथा, भयो अमर आनन्द ।

गाउँको गाथा, देशभरि सुनाए

नेपाली मनमा गौरव जगाए ।

भुल्न कसरी सक्नु, ती मीठा शब्द

मोतीरामको मिहिनेत, हरेक हृदयका भित्र ।

भानुभक्त र मोतीराम, यी दुई नाम

स्मरणीय छन् सधैं, हाम्रो भाषा र स्वाभिमान।

हामी धन्य छौंँ, ती कविको योगदान

जो बने अमर, लेखे नेपाली पहिचान ।

मोतीरामको उपहार, शब्दको त्यो संसार

सदैव जिउँदो रहन्छ, हाम्रा मन र विचार ।

“Doctor brutally raped and killed in Kolkata”, “Three arrested on a charge of raping 13-year-old girl,” etc. These are the types of headlines that have been haunting news outlets for the past few years and are becoming increasingly frequent. South Asian countries like Nepal, India, Pakistan, etc. have a huge problem of mismanagement of law. This in turn has given maniacal criminals a free ticket to commit heinous crimes as such and still get little to no repercussions for their actions. This is a huge problem for us especially the women and children as they seem to be the prime targets but this is not to say that the male demographic is not a victim.

The recent case of Dr.Moumita Debnath in Kolkata, India has sent shockwaves throughout India and the world. This has sent a chilling reminder of what this world is headed for and it doesn't sound appealing. Thinking about these things reminds me of the famous saying of William Shakespeare, “The hell is empty because the devils are here” and this statement couldn't be truer. Protests have erupted across India, but there’s little hope for a proper investigation. This has almost become a cycle in south asian countries, people don't like something that the status quo has done, they rebel against it, then the protests stop after a few days and everything goes back to normal and again the same thing happens.

To address this crisis, governments must take strong measures against heinous crimes like these. Comparing crime rates and conviction rates in South Asian countries to those in Western countries like the UK and Arabic countries like the UAE and Saudi Arabia reveals a significant disparity. These countries have lower crime rates and higher conviction rates, primarily due to their robust legal systems. Western countries like the UK have extremely low crime rates, and the situation is even better in Arab countries like the UAE and Saudi Arabia. Recently, Abu Dhabi, the capital of the UAE, was crowned the safest city in the world for the eighth consecutive time. So, what is the difference between these regions and South Asia? What makes them more effective at lowering crime rates? The answer is simple: it’s the law.

The judicial system in these countries is extremely powerful; individuals can be sued for various offences, and if sufficient evidence is provided, they can be convicted for a wide range of crimes. In countries like Saudi Arabia, although there is a strong focus on limiting women's rights, there is also a high level of security, as they impose severe penalties, including execution, for anyone convicted of sexual misconduct. A similar approach should be adopted in South Asian countries.

A robust judiciary is the most effective way to deter crime by instilling fear in potential offenders. If only 2 out of every 10 crimes result in a conviction, it is clear that criminals will not be adequately deterred. The last instance of fair punishment for sexual misconduct in India occurred in the Nirbhaya case, which took seven years of relentless media attention to achieve justice. Unfortunately, cases like that of Nirmala Pant remain unresolved and do not receive the same level of scrutiny or urgency.

If we want to protect the people living in our societies and ensure that future generations feel secure, we must take decisive action to minimize these heinous crimes. Women and children are traditionally considered off-limits, even in the context of war, and harming them is considered a violation of international humanitarian law. However, even those who are typically shielded from the horrors of war are no longer safe in their daily lives.

If this disturbing trend continues unabated, human society as we know it will soon collapse. We must take a stand and do whatever it takes to put an end to this crisis. Failing to address this issue will have dire consequences for the stability and well-being of our communities. The time for action is now, as the future of our societies hangs in the balance.

मेरो देश हाे नेपाल 

यही छन् अग्ला हिमाल 

देशको सिमाना मेची महाकाली 

आहा ! कति राम्रो हाम्राे बोलीचाली 

नेपाली पुर्खा वीर नै छन् 

नेपाली नि आफ्ना पुर्खाजस्तै छन् 

पृथिवीनारायणले नेपाल एक बनाए 

गोर्खालीहरूले अङ्ग्रेजलाई हराए 

देशक लागि ज्यान दिएर 

पूर्व र पश्चिम भूमि लिएर 

सुन्दर नेपाल बनाई छोडे 

रगत पसिनाले माटोलाई भिजाए  

हामी अब देशलाई समालौ 

सबै मिलेर अझै माथि उचालौँ 

सबै नेपालमै बसेर रमाऊँ 

सबै नेपालमै बसेर रमाऊँ