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Urbanization and Its Effect and Natural Beauty
- Samir Khadka - 21120, Grade X ... 08 November, 2019

Human beings are unique creations of nature. We feel a strong and unique bond with nature. We are also the only beings that can save nature. Surprisingly, most of us don’t seem to care about her. Cities are popping up rapidly, and the natural beauty is suffering from terrible hits.

However, there are plenty of reasons as to why we should have natural beauty and more than enough ways to save it.

Talking about benefits, first all those resources that we get, we get from the environment. Indirectly, all that we see is a product of nature. There may come times when resources may deplete and it would be too late to take steps by then. So, we should focus on conserving as much of the environment and natural beauty as we can. Already statistical data shows how oil reserves are depleting and the greenery of forests is degrading . These are valuable resources so we must conserve them or at least reduce the amount we waste so that we can achieve a net win in the future.

City life and drab gray streets can get quite monotonous and frustrating. So, beauty should be there to provide us with a sense of being close to nature. People would argue that there are parks, but parks seem ‘artificial’ compared to green hills and lime green fields. Also, natural beauty is one of the main sources of tourist attraction. A very good example is our own country, Nepal. There are a lot of tourists as there is a lot of natural beauty around.

 As for solutions to the degradation of natural beauty, a major part of the effort should go towards educating people about conserving nature. This does not mean boring lectures and even more boring statistical data but actually involving them in activities. Public participation can do wonders and open a lot of eyes so that they really become aware of the effect crude development has on the environment. Also, the government of countries should also take some measures. Development should be sustainable. Technology has come a long way and now, people can indulge in “bio-geo-engineering” which basically means that development and urbanization is done with such an approach that mother nature takes minor harm.

As a conclusion, people should start protecting places of natural beauty. Since there are a lot of benefits and a lot of ways to conserve these places, we should not be sitting idle but actually making efforts so that humans and nature both benefit from it.


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Plagiarism: Is it legit?
- Prashant Shrestha - 20117, Gr ... 03 November, 2019

Does it concern everyone? Perhaps yes. In the place where most of the works are copied and pasted, surely it concerns to everyone. All the Nepalese professionals including writers, professors and the students are either recklessly or unknowingly plagiarizing the works of other people. The practice of plagiarism has been a great threat to the Nepalese. The issue of academics, impact on creativity and infraction of copyrights has been the serious issues that plagiarism summons.

The trend of replicating theses, projects, final reports and other academic works has been a common thing that most of the academic personnel in Nepal do. The habit of robbing others' work without giving reference to the real author has been inherited in the Nepalese people. The actual worth of one’s own work has been worthless in the Nepalese academics. Imposing economic value for the academic work is prominent. As published in the Centre of Investigative Journalism, Nepal (CIJ), even Nepalese professors are found to be involved in plagiarizing other’s works on their own books. Nepalese academics are slowly and gradually tilting towards the dullness. The value that the academic writing possess in actual has been a valueless thing that Nepalese are neglecting. For the case of plagiarism one can be suspended from the universities, colleges and from their works too for life time. The originality of the works in Nepal has been shaded by the addiction of copying others’ work.

The creativity of the Nepalese people is declining at a great pace. The more we plagiarize the less we get chance to explore our quality of writing a piece of work. The intellectual traits are blackened by the plagiarism which always retards the tendency to publish something that is of your own. The Nepalese students who have plagiarized the theses from others are lacking in making research, extracting information from the research and creating a piece of an article of their own. There are lots of live examples of the people involved in plagiarizing who have failed in real life to expand their fluency in writing creatively. Nothingness starts to influence the brain of humans when we indulge ourselves on being parasites. The parasitic nature has been embedded in every Nepalese that has overtaken the state of their authentication on works. When there is no sign of respect for the works of the other, the issues of copyrights also gets a space along with the distortion of creativity of an individual.

The sense of Nepalese in the norms and values of copyrights is senseless. The Nepalese people haven’t been legally conscious about the penalties they can be charged for plagiarizing the work. The habit of including citation on the articles or other paperwork hasn’t been setup in the behavior of Nepalese after including references from others article. As published in “The Republica”, the TU Vice Chancellor Dr. Tirtha Khanya has been blacklisted for the plagiarism. So, if the legal actions are to be carried he can get legally punished for such a critical act of plagiarizing others and get suspended from his profession. The culture of respecting the laws of copyright is directly violated which shows how bad we Nepalese people are, on having trust issues. The people of foreign countries will have serious trust issues over Nepalese for their unawareness against the copyrights. The ban of Spotify can be a good example for the abuse of copyrights in Nepal. The act of “copy and paste” that Nepalese do without any citation of authors has a large impact on the values of copyright.

The professional, intellectual and legal consequences are brought by plagiarism which Nepalese people are facing nowadays. The people have been academically backward, intellectually faded and  are unlawful towards copyright. Thus the overall personality of Nepalese has been pictured negatively by the plagiarism.

 


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Movie Review: Shutter Island
- Girwan Paudyal - 21107, Grade ... 31 October, 2019

Director: Martin Scorsese

Starring: Leonardo DiCaprio, Mark Ruffalo, Sir Ben Kingsley, Emily Mortimer

Based on the novel ‘Shutter Island’ by Dennis Lehane

 Background: The story takes place in 1954 in a post WWII era on a small island named ‘Shutter Island’ which holds a mental asylum for the criminally insane.

 Plot: Shutter Island is a psychological thriller movie where two U.S. Marshals Eddy Daniels (Leonardo DiCaprio) and Chuck (Mark Ruffalo) are called to investigate a possible escape from the mental asylum in Shutter Island. A woman named Rachel Solando (Emily Mortimer), who was detained for murdering her three children,  has escaped from a high security facility and now, the two Marshals work towards finding her but, as events unfold and the story takes a turn for the worse, Eddy starts suspecting all the people around him and questions his own sanity. Eddy specially suspects the head of the institution, Dr Cawley (Sir Ben Kingsley), and as events unfold and the story becomes clearer, there is a very intricate relationship between Eddy and Shutter Island.

 My Opinion: Shutter Island is one of the most interesting psychological thrillers I have ever watched. The story unfolds in horrific ways as each realization hits the viewers with a sense of growing suspense and mystery. Rated R for its violence and portrayal of insanity, I do not recommend viewers under the age of 16 to watch Shutter Island. For others, if you have a hunger for psychological thrillers, Shutter Island will not disappoint.

 


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A Prosperous Nepal
- Sarthak Pradhananga - 20122, ... 30 October, 2019

It is a long withstanding dream of Nepalese to see a prosperous and developed Nepal. Though Nepal has undergone many political transitions the ultimate goal of it all is the prosperity of Nepal. To accomplish this there need to be core areas to focus on by the state. 

Although Nepal is an agricultural country, it has failed in terms of self-dependency on food products. Subsistence and traditional farming methods have lowered production. Nepal has to import large amounts of food products from other countries. Agriculture has to be modernized and commercialized to create a market and boost up production. The surplus food products can be exported for foreign currency. 

Infrastructure is one of the primary needs for the development of the country. Construction of road networks to remote areas will help create the domestic market and increase the development and economic activities of that area. Road networks connecting other countries will ease the import-export activities of the two countries. Construction of suspension bridges and bridges will allow alternative means for trade and travel between different areas. Construction of airports also helps in boosting domestic and international tourists increasing the economic growth of our country. 

It is essential that we learn to utilize our natural resources for creating products within our own country. This is possible by establishing more industries. Manpower and natural resources are utilized in industries to manufacture different things for domestic consumption and export. Once Nepal is self-reliant in majority of products earning huge amounts of money from exports then it can be an economically strong country. 

If we can prioritize agriculture, industry and infrastructure sectors then Nepal will surely embark on the path to development. So it's high time that the state starts taking concrete actions for this purpose. Then we can see a prosperous and developed Nepal in our lifetime. 


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Carcinogens
- Sarthak Pradhananga - 20122, ... 23 October, 2019

Cancer is one of the most deadliest diseases on the planet. So, what causes cancer? It's something known as a carcinogen. Carcinogens are materials or other agents that cause or worsen any form of cancer. Carcinogens range from chemicals, radiation, food and other external factors. 

Excessive radiation is a form of carcinogen. UV rays from solar radiation causes skin cancer. Exposure with  other radioactive substances also increases the risk of cancer. The nuclear radiation during the Second World War in Japan is an example.

 Specific foods we eat also become carcinogens as well. Caffeine, oil, canned food, etc becomes carcinogenic when consumed in excess. Fat rich diets can also be carcinogenic causing colon cancer. Foods like Charred Barbeque and betel nut should be avoided as they are carcinogenic food products. 

 Different chemicals can show carcinogenic effect. Tar found in tobacco smoke is a major chemical carcinogen. Industrial chemicals such as arsenic, asbestos, coal products, benzene, naphthalene, etc are also carcinogenic. Other carcinogenic chemicals include formaldehyde, vinyl chloride, etc. 

 There are also other factors that are carcinogenic. Viruses like Herpes Virus, Hepatitis B, Human Papillomavirus, etc are carcinogenic viruses. Old wounds, if not cured in time can cause cancer. Different environmental pollutants are also carcinogenic to humans. 

 So, different carcinogens vary from chemicals, radiation, food as well as other factors. To prevent mankind against cancer, we must identify and avoid different types of carcinogens. This can help make cancer free society a reality.


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Back to Civilized Times
- Saurav Dhakal - 20123, Grade ... 21 October, 2019

It was the world 4108 A.D and technology has taken over the world in a way that was out of people’s imagination. Everything was done using computers. Officers were replaced by Robots. Teachers were replaced by Artificial Intelligence. Not only that, people could now implant bio-tech in their body to learn anything. Even in this wonderful world, a man named Damien still felt incomplete. He was very interested in the past and used to hear tales about it from his grandma. He even used to research on the daily activities of people of the past. He often said things like, “Did you know Grandma, in the year 2018 A.D, people actually used to go to schools and do all their work themselves. They even got to play outside with real friends. But all I have now are 1000 friends in online games, and I don’t even know a single one of them. I wish we could live like people of the past. That seems more interesting.” So Damien here was unhappy with the kind of world they lived in.

He was a technician and loved to make different devices. He didn’t want to use any help from the robots and wanted to craft everything by himself. After 6 years of struggle, he finally finished a time machine. It was the first time anyone had ever did such a thing. So, he immediately went to find his Grandma and told her the good news. She was also very happy about it and congratulated him and said, “Now you can go back in time and see the world you dream of in real.”

Damien gave it a little thought and spoke, “I know everything about the 21 st century. I want to go to the year I know absolutely nothing about. First I will travel 50 million years ago and I will see what that world has for me to see.” So, he sat on his time machine. Left all the technologies from the 40th century and set the time to 50 million years back and started the machine. It was an amazing view as the time machine started and just vanished.

After 5 minutes, Damien found himself in the world similar to his. He thought the time machine failed and was very sad about it. Just when he was about to go for a walk around he found a very amusing tool lying on the ground. It was a very highly advanced piece of tech and he wondered “This is not from my world. If there was an device like this, I would know about it. Could I really have travelled through time and got to the future instead of past?”

So there were some unanswered questions. As he was walking by, he saw a girl. He stopped her and asked, “Do you know where I am?” She laughed and replied, “What do you mean, where you are. You’re on land.” Damien felt quite weird to hear that answer and asked, “I’m sorry. I mean which country I’m in.” She again answered with a puzzled look, “What is a country? What are you talking about? It isn’t safe out here at this time. So follow me here and we will talk about it more.”

After they got inside what it seemed to be an abandoned factory she asked, “What did you mean by country?” Damien said, “You know the part of land divided by a boundary inside which people of a similar culture live.” She didn’t say anything for a bit, but eventually she said “What are you talking about? We don’t have divided land for some people only. It’s just land and water.” Just then it struck him that he had once read somewhere that in the ancient time the world itself was a huge island.” He said, “Oh-oh, I have really travelled 50 million years in the past.”

The girl all puzzled said, “What are you talking about?” Damien came back to his senses and said, “This may sound a little bit weird but I’m from the future and I’m lost here.” Now she froze for a moment. After a long pause, he finally asked, “By the way, who are you?” She in a very small voice said, “My name is Sakshya. Sakshya Snow. I’m still progressing what you said earlier.” He said, “I’m Damien. Damien West. I know it’s overwhelming for you to hear this and take your time.” As she was staring in the floor,Damien asked, “How is this place not safe, to be honest I’m a little scared” She replied,“We’re in the middle of a warzone. It started as just a minor conflict between two very powerful people and if it doesn’t end soon, we should see the greatest battle in the history of the earth and all humanity will be doomed to the same fate at the same time. That fate is Death. With an arsenal of powerful weapons, hate and stubbornness, that day is not that far.” As she was saying these all things, Damien thought, “This world has developed in technologies that aren’t even there in my time. I also read the technologies were only starting to develop in the 19th century. But how can this be? There’s only one explanation to this. What she is predicting will actually come true and all the people from this world will be wiped.” He thought about telling her that but couldn’t. He had only met her an hour ago and couldn’t say that she was going to die soon. So he kept that inside him.

After talking about each other’s time for a while, Sakshya said, “Since you’re new here, why don’t you stay at my place for a while. I don’t have any family and neither have I got any friends. It would be nice to have some company.” Damien agreed to this and they both went to her house. It wasn’t much of a house. It was a small one roomed house with a bed, a couch, a small kitchen and a table and refrigerator which was in a really bad shape. Sakshya said, “It’s not much but it’s a home for me” Damien followed with, “It’s nice.” To this Sakshya just giggled and said, “That was funny. Anyway, you can sleep on the couch and if you’re hungry there might be food in the fridge.

That day passed by and from the next morning they became more and more close to each other. They used to eat together, play together and do many fun activities. Since, Damien’s time machine was broken, it needed maintenance. So he had about a month before he could travel to his time. From that day, they became the best of friends and enjoyed each other’s company a lot. She often said, “I shouldn’t say this but I’m glad that you’re stuck here with me.” Damien just used to smile to this. As much as he wanted to go back home, he was actually loving a life there with Sakshya. Soon, he was in love with her but he didn’t tell her about his feelings as he would disappear from that time period in about a week.

All the necessary parts of the time machine were repaired in about 3 days, he would go back to his time. There were 2 things he wanted her to know, before he left. First thing was, the world might end because of the war and she might die soon. But he couldn’t say that because he knew she will hate him because of that. The next thing was, he loved her. But he couldn’t say that either because he would hate himself for leaving her alone. So he remained quiet.

On the day, Damien was about to go back to the future, Sakshya came to bid him goodbye. She cried a little and said, “Can’t you stay?” He smiled, hiding his tears, having said goodbye to his love and he further said, “I don’t belong in the world. The future may be jeopardized if I say. So sorry I have to go. After saying this he set the time period to 4108 A.D and started the machine. A light flashed and Damien along with the machine disappeared again.

Sakshya turned back with tears in her eyes and a wish in her mind to see Damien again. As she was crying she felt a hand on her shoulder. As she turned back she saw Damien. She hugged him tightly and with tears in her eyes, she said, “Why did you come back?” Damien smiled and said, “I went back in my time but regretted leaving you here. In my time there, I found out that the only person I loved, my Grandma was gone. Even before I came here, I thought my life was incomplete but now I know, you make my life complete. I love you Sakshya.” She *still crying with joy* said, “I love you too and don’t you ever leave me again.” After their brief intimate encounter, she finally asked, “What about the future?”. Damien kissed her forehead and said, “Dearest Sakshya, it took me a while to realize it but I don't want a future without you.”

While hugging her, Damien thought, “I told her the second thing that I wanted to tell her. Even if my assumption is correct and this world does end soon, I want to spend all the time we have with her.” AND THE REST WAS INDEED HISTORY.


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