अङ्ग्रेजी एक अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय भाषा हो । यो संसारभर बोलिन्छ । यो बेलायत, संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका, क्यानडा र अस्ट्रेलियामा मातृभाषाका रूपमा बोलिन्छ तर यो संसारका धेरै देशहरूमा विदेशी भाषाका रूपमा सिकिन्छ । यो विभिन्न राष्ट्रियताका मानिसहरूबिच सञ्चारको साझा माध्यम हो । यसलाई विश्वका धेरै देशहरूमा आधिकारिक भाषाका रूपमा प्रयोग गरिन्छ । विश्वका आधाभन्दा बढी पुस्तक अङ्ग्रेजीमा लेखिएका छन् ।
यो प्रस्ट सत्यलाई बुझ्दै विश्वका प्रायः सबै देशले आफ्नो विद्यालय र कलेजका पाठ्यक्रममा अङ्ग्रेजी विषय समावेश गरेका छन् । अङ्ग्रेजीको राम्रो ज्ञान भएको व्यक्तिले स्वदेश तथा विदेशमा राम्रो जागिर पाउन सक्छ । उच्च शिक्षा प्राप्त गर्न चाहनेहरूका लागि अङ्ग्रेजी अनिवार्य छ । अङ्ग्रेजी राम्रो जान्ने व्यक्तिले विश्वव्यापी पहुँच पाउन सक्छ । अङ्ग्रेजी अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय सम्मेलन, कार्यशाला, सेमिनार र वार्ता कार्यक्रमहरूमा सञ्चारको माध्यम हो । यसले हाम्रो दिमागलाई फराकिलो बनाउँछ र हामीलाई सम्पूर्ण विश्व बुझ्न मद्दत गर्छ ।अङ्ग्रेजी भाषामा राम्रो पकड भएको मानिसलाई योग्य, समाजमा उच्च प्रतिष्ठा कमाएको व्यक्तिका रूपमा, उच्च सामाजिक हैसियत भएको व्यक्तिका रूपमा मान्यता दिइन्छ । धेरै अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय संस्थाहरूको भाषा अङ्ग्रेजी हो ।
अन्त्यमा, यो यस्ताे कुञ्जी हो जसले तपाईंलाई सामान्य संसारबाट बाहिर निकाल्छ र विज्ञान र प्रविधिको संसारमा प्रवेश गर्न दिन्छ । यो पासपोर्टजस्तै हो, जसले तपाईंलाई संसारभर यात्रा गर्ने अनुमति दिन्छ । यो त्यो झ्याल हो जसबाट सारा संसारलाई हेर्न सकिन्छ, त्यसैले मेरो विचारमा यसलाई देशभर व्यापक र अनिवार्य रूपमा पढाइनुपर्छ ।
Drug addiction is like any other addiction, meaning being unable to leave the use of drugs. We all know what drugs are and they also help us when we get sick or have any malfunction in our body system. We know that we should only use drugs as prescribed from the medical team or a doctor.
How do we get addicted to drugs then? Well it starts off like any other addiction, we try to just do it as just one time thing but sooner or later we just get caught in the never ending urge to want it more. Most people who are addicted to drugs have had some kind of a rough time in their past life like losing someone important to them or getting into a very toxic relationship following that having anxiety and depression are the top factors. As we all know there are various kinds of drugs and every drug does different things to our body. People tend to have drugs like pills and injections as a numbing technique. Ever felt relaxed after having a drug for healing coughs or common cold? Yes, those kinds of drugs tend to make us feel at ease and relaxed because they make our body feel very loose. And we only take the amount prescribed by our doctor and stop having it later on when the flu or disease has been eradicated. Now here comes the part where people tend to misuse it and use it at their own accord which is a one way trip to death. This is because they don’t know how much to take or should you even take them. All they know is that after taking a certain drug it makes them feel numb and relaxed. It is also a very good escape from reality meaning all the problems they are facing in life. It is like a medicine which makes you feel good only temporarily and will kill you slowly. That is why having this kind of addiction is very dangerous.
This addiction is also one of the hardest to get rid of out of most addictions. Most people who are sent to rehab still fail to give the drugs up even after getting discharged. There are some people who have gone through many rehabs many times but still have failed to do it. This is because of a lack of backing down and just being fully consumed by the thought of when I will get another dose of those drugs. Not just normal people but many celebrities who we admire also go through such problems even if we don’t know anything about it. This mostly happens in case of Rappers. Drugs are not just cocaine or pill addictions there are other forms as well, another one of them is use of steroids. And if you didn’t know what steroids are then these are those kinds of drugs which help in building muscles and are highly used in the gym industries. Those gym shark athletes who you guys admire and want to be like them, they also tend to use drugs to enhance their muscles and overall performance to promote their products. From that, most of you might say that they are naturally but and have good genetics but yes I agree to some extent but looking at the unnatural progression of those athletes are just very doubtful. And of course they are not going to admit that they are using drugs because that will harm the industry and its sales. That is also the reason why they neither admit that they are natural nor do they admit that they use drugs. Due to that, those athletes are also kind of forced to use drugs because they need to be in shape to actually promote the products for the company. And slowly but gradually they also fall into the drug addiction trap.
Am I saying that using drugs is bad? No that is false and all I am trying to say is that being addicted to it is bad and unhealthy. We need drugs to survive in today’s world as there are so many viruses and flu spreading and we need those drugs to help us stay safe but we should only use it as per medical prescription.
We all are familiar with the name Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi well known as Mahatma Gandhi. He is known as a god man, a legend and the man who had contributed hugely for the independence of India. Late Mahatma Gandhi is still alive in the hearts of the Indians as a father figure. We can prove it by the national honorific tag that he has been given, “Bapu”.
All these years Mahatma Gandhi has been portrayed as a great soul, in result the newer generation without looking back at the history follow the trend and praise Mahatma Gandhi. This is a case of absolute blind devotion and to make it right we have to unveil one’s face in different angles to know whether he is actually a good person or an evil.
I see Mahatma Gandhi as a hypocrite. Gandhi, the person who was promoting the philosophy of non-violence and peace throughout his life later, urged Indians to participate in the World War supporting the British Army in combat. Basically, he helped the Britishers employ Indian soldiers to die for the British Army in WWI. Secondly, Gandhi requested the British to allow the Indian soldiers to fight for the British during the Boer War in South Africa. The reason behind the request might shock you. He said that he made that proposal in order to give Indians the opportunity of a “thorough training of warfare”. You say Gandhi, I hear irony! Gandhi was also one of the prime politicians who accepted the partition of India. We know that the imperialistic philosophies of the British were really violent and here we got to know that Gandhi was never preaching his own ethos of non-violence. I see this as a loyal and ever ready servant of the British.
One of the famous tales of Mahatma Gandhi was that he used to sleep naked with his grand-niece “Manu” who was a minor, experimenting his practice of ‘Brahmacharya’ [celibacy] I feel very depressed what would have gone through the mind of Manu when an old man sleeps naked in front of her eyes on the same bed. Such activity involving a minor is a criminal offense and truly not preaching nonviolence. He was in his elderly period when he used to this, I mean even at such an old age if a person needs to experiment with celibacy or controlling lust is a fact that proves that he was definitely not the person that we are hearing about till date. All I know is Gandhi is the perfect example of hypocrisy being at its best.
We are all familiar, I say too familiar with the multiverse theory. I mean, most movies or netflix series in the past few years have started to implement and create their own idea of multiverse. Even before now, the multiverse was already coined in 1895 by William James, an American Philosopher. Instead of boring you with facts that can be known by just simple search in any search engines, the first time most normal people ever heard or came to know about multiverse may be due to the fictions of writers who create their own universe than come up with alternate realities of their own created universe then combine all of it to create their own multiverse. Popular fictional multiverse we all may be familiar with may be the Spider-verse, The Marvel-Verse, DC-verse and many other mainstream and non stream multiverse that I will not explain at all as almost all who are familiar with the terms above are already familiar with what happens in the respective universe.What I am going to discuss is the actual idea of how it may be theoretically possible. First of all,the whole idea of knowing about the whole idea of the multiverse was extremely annoying and complicated. We all know that when you try to learn something, new terms regarding the said topic always tend to come up which we will have no base knowledge of at all. Then when you try to know what those terms mean, you come in contact with other new terms which will repeat so much that I will keep on going further away from actually what I want to know. But, as I kept going on, the terms that I found annoying at first became very cool as it all started to connect it all. Keeping it as easy to understand for everyone, the multiverse theory according to legitimate sources has 4 levels.
Now who may have diagnosed the multiverse into 4 levels. It was actually Max Tegmark, a Swedish-American cosmologist and physicist. He even has his own website which is entitled “The Universe of Max Tegmark”. The terms there are complicated but the whole idea is very interesting and not so controversial. I have also taken references from “Tegmark, M, 2003. Parallel Universes. Journal of Scientific American'' General theory suggests that the universe is essentially infinitely big and contains matter at roughly the same distribution as we see it throughout the universe. Matter can combine in only so many different configurations. So, given an infinite amount of space, it stands to reason there exists another portion of the universe in which an exact duplicate of our world exists. This is what Tegmark’s 1st level of Multiversal Theory suggests in the most simplest way I could ever explain. The level is titled as Beyond Our Cosmic Universe or Regions Beyond Cosmic Horizon. To understand the Second level, we must know about Inflation theory. Simply Inflation theory describes a hypothetical event that occurred when our universe was less than a second old. Individual universes can basically separate a small part of themselves creating larger expanding universes filled with numerous individual universes which come into being with the passage of time. Separate universes come forth like bubbles of spacetime which undergo their own form of expansion, under the rules dictated by the above inflation theory. This is the 2nd Level of Multiversal Theory which also suggests that the laws of physics on such a universe may very well differ from our own. Thus gaining its Title, Post Inflation Bubble Universe. The 3rd level, entitled ‘Quantum Many Worlds’ suggests that, “Quantum many Worldsmultiverse is right around us and is a product of the interpretation of the quantum mechanics and this multiverse theory specifies the state of the universe, not in classical terms as in the other theories but in terms of the mathematical object called the wave function”(Tegmark, 2003). This is a more complicated type of Multiverse which is quite difficult to explain. According to this approach to quantum physics, events unfold in every single possible way, just in different universes. Though it's quite hard to understand, almost all fictional stories we are familiar with like ‘Loki’ Series, ‘Spider-verse’ and even the new ‘No Way Home’ movie implements the third level of Multiverse making it well known to anything outside physics. It was even hinted at during the Wanda-Vision events and ‘Avengers: Endgame’. So, if people are very informed about the events of these stories, they are already familiar with the 3rd level of the Multiverse. Level 4 is way more complicated as it involves the theories of other mathematical structures and changes in the entire principles and working of the said Universes while not only the change in rules like the 2nd level of Multiverse.
Finally, Not only Max Tegmark but also another physicist, Brian Greene has presented his own ideas of the multiverse in his Book, The Hidden Reality. There are also other people who have explained what these two found in very simple ways. Like PewDiePie, who first introduced me to Max Tegmark’s theory about 5 months ago. I would really suggest interested people to go through the topic as it will definitely help broaden our view towards the vague topic of Multiverse.
The Vietnam War commonly known as the Second Indochina War lasted from November 1, 1955, until April 30, 1975, in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. It was officially fought between North and South Vietnam and was the second of the Indochina Wars. The Soviet Union, China, and other communist allies backed North Vietnam, while the US and other anti-communist allies backed South Vietnam. The fight, which was considered a Cold War-era proxy war and involved the Laotian Civil War and the Cambodian Civil War, lasted over 20 years, with direct US participation ending in 1973, and finished with all three nations becoming communist republics in 1975.
The Vietnam War was a long, difficult, and controversial battle that pitted North Vietnam's communist government against South Vietnam and its main ally, the US. The ongoing Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union worsened the situation. The Vietnam War killed a total of approximately 3 million people, including over 58,000 Americans, with Vietnamese civilians accounting for more than half of those murdered. Even after President Richard Nixon signed the Paris Peace Accords and ordered the evacuation of US soldiers in 1973, opposition to the war in the United States remained fierce. In 1975, communist troops took control of South Vietnam, and the nation was reunified as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam the following year.
The causes of the Vietnam War were taken from the Cold War's symptoms, components, and outcomes. The Vietnam War was triggered by America's simplistic notion that communism was on the verge of spreading throughout Southeast Asia. Because of their nuclear military capability, neither the Soviet Union nor the United States could risk an all-out war against one other. When it was convenient for them, they had client states that could continue the war on their behalf. Because the Americans actually fought in Vietnam, the USSR was unable to participate in the Cold War's 'game.' However, in order to help the Communist cause, the Soviet Union armed China, which in turn supplied and equipped the North Vietnamese against the Americans.
The prime motive for the United States' involvement in Vietnam was to prevent communism from spreading throughout the world. Since the beginning of the Cold War, the United States has adopted a strategy of containment in order to prevent communism from spreading over the globe. Since American President Harry S. Truman argued that the United States should actively support the containment of Soviet Communism in the years after World War II, this containment policy is known as the Truman Doctrine. The Domino Theory is frequently used to explain the reasons for America's engagement in the Vietnam War.
In general, several causes of the Vietnam War have been suggested by historians, including the growth of communism during the Cold War, American containment, and European imperialism in Vietnam.
राजनीतिक विज्ञापन भनेको एउटा प्रक्रिया हो, जसमा पार्टीको राजनीतिक व्यक्तित्वले आफ्नो राजनीतिक विश्वास र विचारधारालाई पत्रपत्रिका, लेख, टेलिभिजन वा सञ्चारका कुनै पनि माध्यमबाट विज्ञापन गर्छ । राजनीतिक विज्ञापन मुख्यतया चुनावी प्रचारको अवधिमा गरिन्छ । ती विज्ञापनहरूको प्रयोगले उम्मेदवारलाई दिने लोकप्रियताको कारणले उम्मेदवारले मतदातालाई बेच्ने तरिका हुन सक्छ ।
राजनीतिक विज्ञापनको एउटा महत्त्वपूर्ण पक्ष भनेको उम्मेदवारबारे चेतना जगाउनु र जनतालाई निश्चित पदका लागि उपयुक्त उम्मेदवार छनोट गर्ने आधार प्रदान गर्नु हो किनभने यी राजनीतिक विज्ञापनहरूले उम्मेदवारलाई लोकप्रियता हासिल गर्न मद्दत गर्दछ । उम्मेदवारले आफ्नो राजनीतिक सन्देश विज्ञापनहरूमा राख्नु धेरै महत्त्वपूर्ण छ ।
तर जनताले देखेका धेरै राजनीतिक विज्ञापनहरू पूर्णतया सत्य छैनन् । धेरैजसो विज्ञापन जनतालाई भोट हाल्नका लागि मात्रै गरिन्छन् । उम्मेदवारले आफ्नो अवास्तविक राजनीतिक दावीहरूको विज्ञापन गर्न यो झुटाे राजनीतिक विज्ञापन प्रयोग गर्छन् । धेरै राजनीतिक विज्ञापनहरूले मतदाताहरूलाई मतदान गर्न र निश्चित उम्मेदवारको अभियानलाई पछ्याउनका लागि मात्र मतदाताको चाहना पूरा गर्दछन् भने यिनले उनीहरूलाई विश्वस्त पार्ने सामग्री देखाएर मतदाताहरूलाई मनाउन सक्छन् ।
यसकारण जनताले झुटा राजनीतिक विज्ञापनबाट सचेत भएर उम्मेदवारबारे राम्ररी अनुसन्धान गरेर मात्र मतदान गर्नुपर्छ । प्रत्येक व्यक्तिको मत महत्त्वपूर्ण छ र व्यक्तिले विश्वास गरेको र देशको लागि सही उम्मेदवारलाई मतदान गर्न प्रयोग गर्नुपर्छ ।
हिँड्दै छु, गन्तव्य खै मेरो ?
काला बादलहरूसामु म
हराएको एउटा पन्छीझैँ
भौतारिरहन्छु, त्यो बाटाको खोजीमा ।
मेरा पैताला र उसका पखेटा
एक अर्कालाई समेट्दै
पुगुँला त पारि ?
वायुलाई सोधिहेरेँ,
समस्त नभमा खोजिहेरेँ,
चारैतिर केवल तिम्रो नै नाम थियो,
जब अन्धकारको धारालाई चिरिहेरेँ,
खुसी छु, पुगेको छु म मेरो गन्तव्यमा
र राख्ने छु तिमीलाई
सधैँभरि यो मनमा ।
I think anyone who has been on the internet lately has heard about blockchain and the hype of NFT, the advantages and disadvantages. From articles around the world we can see that even Google is planning to embrace blockchain technology. From what I can say It won't be soon that other companies follow the steps towards web 3.0.
The blockchain market has gained hundreds and thousands of developers over the past few years, the courses of solidity , Solana etc has gained hundreds and thousands of views. I think that covid-19 and being stuck at home people tried to come up with new ideas, and started looking into Decentralized networks. The famous cryptocurrency The Bitcoin, reached its all time highest at 69,000 $ in November of 2021. More than ever people are involved in cryptocurrency. India is said to launch its own cryptocurrency by April 1 the beginning of fiscal year 2022-2023. And more than ever new technologies are on the rise, with the rise of the meta-verse. One of such technologies that is gaining popularity in these few years is IoTeX.
IoTeX was first developed in 2017, and it's main focus is to combine blockchain with the internet of things. Two of the more famous IoTeX include U-cam and pebble tracker. The ecosystem has more than 11,000 total devices and so far has done more than 34,000,000 transactions. IoTeX provides a technology and development ecosystem where all the physical things and virtual things can easily exchange information and values at a global scale. In simple terms, IoTeX is a decentralized network for the internet of things powered by privacy-centric blockchain. IoTeX services provide Smart home functions, Blockchain in blockchain architecture and many other services.
In my opinion, IoTeX is the way the world is moving with more and more company giants like google, Apple etc. Other smart home services need to collect your personal data and store it in a server which may be used to sell to advertising companies. IoTeX provides better privacy especially for the world with growing concern in privacy.
References:
Binance academy , "What Is Layer 1 in Blockchain?", Published Feb 22 , 2022
IoTeX.io ,
Finance Research , " IoTeX ", May 29 2019
The French Revolution, which began in 1789 and finished in the late 1790s with Napoleon Bonaparte's rise, was a watershed moment in modern European history. During this time, French citizens demolished and rebuilt their country's political environment, dismantling centuries-old institutions like absolute monarchy and the feudal system. The upheaval was driven by popular dissatisfaction with the French monarchy and King Louis XVI's disastrous economic policies, who was executed by guillotine, as to how his wife Marie Antoinette was executed. Although it did not achieve all of its objectives and at times devolved into a slaughter, the French Revolution played an important part in building contemporary states by demonstrating to the world the strength inherent in the will of the people.
The French Revolution was an era in French history when there was tremendous political and social transformation. The principles and institutions it established continue to dominate French politics to this day. There are some causes of this revolution. As the 18th century came to a conclusion, France's costly engagement in the American Revolution, along with lavish spending by King Louis XVI and his predecessor, had brought the kingdom to the verge of bankruptcy. In the autumn of 1786, Charles Alexandre de Calonne, Louis XVI's controller general, presented a financial reform package that included a universal land tax from which the favored classes would no longer be exempt. For the first time since 1614, the monarch convened the Estates-General, an assembly of France's clergy, nobles, and middle class, to collect support for these policies and quell a mounting aristocratic insurrection. The conference was set for May 5, 1789, in the interim, delegates from each of the three estates would collect lists of grievances to bring to the king which was a major cause of the revolution. Some of the major events that took place during this revolution are listed below:
Due to this revolution, France progressed a lot not only in terms of economy but also in arts and literature
झुल्किल्छु अनि सम्झन्छु,
तिमीलाई र तिमीसँग बिताएका ती पलहरू
सोमरसको नशामा याद गर्छु,
हाम्रा ती रमाइला प्रेमिल रातहरू
ती मिठा बातहरू
र कहिले छोड्दिनँ भन्ने ती झुटा आसहरू ।
प्रिय,
दुख्ने मन आफैँ दुख्छ,
दुखाउनु पर्दैन,
पीडा थप्न फेरि कोही नजिकिनु पर्दैन ।
जीवनभर सँगै रहाैँला, हाँसौला भन्ने
ती रहरका हाँगाहरू भाँचिन थालेका छन्,
ढकमक्क परेका सूर्यमुखी फुलहरू
ओइलाउन थालेका छन्,
खुला आकाशमा आएका
इन्द्रेणी र चराचुरुङ्गीको आवाज
हराउन थालेका छन्,
कहिले नखस्ने ती आँसुका धाराहरू
आजकल सुलुसुलु बग्न थालेका छन् ।
भनिन्छ समय एकनास हुँदैन,
पालो सबैको आउँछ,
छि ! भनी फालेको त्यो झुसिल किरा पनि
एक दिन पुतली बनी उड्छ ।
त्यो बाल्यकालमा देखेको मनमाेहक दृश्य,
फर्केर आउला र ?
त्यो सफा आकाश
त्यो खुला वातावरण
फेरि फर्केर आउला र ?
त्यो धुलो, फोहोर नहुँदाकाे स्वच्छ वातावरण
मास्क नलाउने अवस्था
फेरि फर्कला र ?
ती काटिइसकेका अनेकौँ रुख, बोट, बिरुवा
जसले आफ्नो घरलाई
अलिकति भए पनि सुन्दर बनाउँथे,
फेरि फर्केर आउलान् र ?
ती बच्चाहरू खेल्न जाने गरेका मैदानहरू
जहाँ अहिले ठुलठुला भवनहरू बनेका छन्,
फेरि फर्केर आउलान् र ?
र अनेकौँ मानिसले देख्न नपाएकाे
त्याे सफा बागमती
फेरि फर्केर आउला र ?
Social media has been drastically changing our lives. Over the past years, social media has evolved a lot. Now, we have so many social media platforms that have made our life much easier and faster. With the help of social media, we are updated with everything that's happening around the world which has helped us to stay connected with our loved ones no matter where we are. It helps us to learn and discover new things every day so with no doubt the use of social media has been increasing every day.
Along with social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, newly ventured social media Tiktok gained a huge popularity these days. Nowadays, people of all age groups are more into TikTok than any other social media app. It has given a platform to people to showcase their talents, their daily life so the number of Tiktok users is rapidly increasing. Not only this, but it also provides people a good source of income through this app. The reason people are so engaged in this app is because it's a great source of entertainment and can watch many different videos on every scroll. It's a great platform for people to gain popularity and provides many opportunities. It can change someone's life very vastly. A good example can be Charli D'Amelio, who is only 17 years old and has over 136M followers on TikTok. She was just a normal teenage girl but a 15 seconds dance video totally changed her life. She got a lot of popularity through that one video and now is one of the most famous Tiktoker. Nepali Tiktoker, Aansh Verma has earned thousands of money just by going live on TikTok. There are many other people whose lives were changed because of TikTok and are pursuing TikTok as their job. Along with its great uses, it has many disadvantages like, it wastes our time. We can be scrolling videos for more than an hour but will still be unaware of it. It will also increase cyberbullying. It gives a platform for people to spread hatred which will affect the mental health of the people and can also ruin someone's life. It also has many negative effects, especially on teenagers. It sometimes forces them to compare their life on the internet and can badly affect their mental health. So, it is important to use TikTok for a very limited time. Nowadays even small kids are engrossed in TikTok which might lead to them learning inappropriate things for their age group, either indirectly or directly.
So, it is upon us whether to use TikTok in a good way or a bad way. TikTok has many advantages and helps us to discover new things every day. It strengthens our knowledge on different topics. We can also discover new hobbies, skills through TikTok. We can showcase our talents and grab many opportunities. But it can make us addicted to it and unknowingly will be spending hours daily there. So, we should be careful while spending our time on TikTok and use it only for limited hours for entertainment.
