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Is it best to see a movie at a theater or stream it at home?
- Aavash Malla - 26001, Grade I ... 13 December, 2022

There are various types of genres of a movie. It can be comedy, action, romance or any other genre but it does not change the fact that it is still a movie and almost everyone loves to watch them. There are many reasons why people want to watch a movie. It can be because it gives us a feeling of relaxation and can make our mind fresh from stress, or maybe it can be just for fun and to spend time. Movies can be watched either at home or at the theaters. One can either watch/stream a movie at home alone or one can go to the theater to watch a movie with friends and family. There is a huge difference between streaming a movie at home and going to watch it at the theaters. When you go to a theater to watch a movie you have to pay a certain price to see it but at home you can see it completely for free but just because you get to watch the movie for free at home doesn't mean that the quality is always going to be good in a theater you receive high quality but at home you get way less quality than theaters. Theaters is usually said to be comfortable to watch a movie so that your body won't ache but it is not always the case sometimes people don't feel comfortable with the seats at the theaters but at home you can watch the movie wherever you want and you also get full privacy which you do not get at a theater but you have to wait to stream a movie at home because it is not available for free for sometimes but you can pay and watch the movie in a theater just moments after it is released. At home you can rewind the movie, pause it or skip some parts of it but at the theater you can not pause or rewind when you want. With differences there are some similarities between watching a movie at a theater and streaming it at home. You can watch the movie while eating some sort of snack. You can bond with your friends and family more after watching a movie. While watching a movie either at a theater or streaming it at home can be up to your wish but going to a theater to watch a movie is better overall because with the time that you set up and get your snacks be comfortable to stream a movie at home just to watch it at a small screen but you can simply just go to your nearby theater and watch a movie just after it’s release and with better quality with wider view. At home, one may have a good sound system, but it rarely matches those in theaters. It is just better to watch a movie on a bigger screen with a better sound system and with friends in a group and the experience you get at a theater is better than watching a movie at home. Many people may disagree when I say that watching a movie in a theater is better than streaming a movie at home but internally everyone prefers to watch on a bigger screen rather than a small one and everyone also prefers to have a better sound system with darkness and suspense covered around you which you only get in a theater. That is why watching a movie in a theater is better than streaming a movie at home. 


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नेपाली विदेशिनुकाे कारण र समाधान
- Sunabi Pokharel - 25018, Grad ... 13 December, 2022

हाम्रो देश नेपाल संसारकै सुन्दर देश मध्येको एक हो भनिन्छ । हाम्रो देश जैविक विविधताले भरिएको देश हो । सानो देश भएर पनि यहाँ  हिमाल, पहाड, चुरे, समथर भू–भाग रहेको छ । फलस्वरूप यहाँ तराई क्षेत्र, पहाडी क्षेत्र र हिमालय क्षेत्रमा पाइने वनस्पति, जनावरहरू एवं तदनुरूपको वातावरण पाइन्छ । यस हिसाबले हेर्दा हाम्रो देश मानव जातिको लागि बस्न लायक देश हो भन्न सकिन्छ । यति मात्र हैन हाम्रो देशमा आर्थिक र सामाजिक हिसाबले थुप्रै अवसरहरू पनि रहेको पाइन्छ । हामीसँग संसारकै अग्लो सगरमाथा हिमाल, अपार जलश्रोत, थुप्रै खानीहरू, लाखौँ जडिबुटीहरू रहेका छन् । जसबाट आर्थिक उपार्जन गर्नसक्ने थुप्रै अवसरहरू पनि छन् । हाम्रा छिमेकी मुलुक चीन र भारत जहाँ संसारको कुल जनसङ्ख्याको झण्डै एक तिहाइ मानिसहरू बसोबास गर्छन् । जसकाे ०.०१ प्रतिशत पर्यटन नेपालमा भित्र्याउन सके मात्र पनि हामी र हाम्रो देशको आर्थिक अवस्था अत्यन्त सुदृढ हुन सक्ने देखिन्छ । प्रकृतिले वरदानस्वरूप दिएका हाम्रा सयौंँ पर्यटकीय स्थलहरू पनि छन्, जहाँ धेरै केही मिहिनेत गर्नै पर्दैन । त्यहाँ पुग्ने सुलभ यातायातका साधन, त्यहाँ पुगेपछि खान बस्न पाउने राम्रो व्यवस्थापन मात्र गरे हाम्राे देश आउन थुप्रै पर्यटन लालायित हुन्छन् । यी सब काम गर्न आजका युवाहरू सक्षम पनि देखिन्छन् किनकी उनीहरू मिहिनेती पनि छन् । अध्ययनको हिसाबले हाम्रो देशका युवा युवतीले संसारका विश्वविद्यालयमा राम्रो गरेका थुप्रै उदाहरणहरू पनि छन् ।

उल्लेखित सबै अवसरका बाबजुद पनि हाम्रा युवायुवतीहरू दिनानुदिन किन अन्य मुलुकमा जान लालायित छन् भन्ने प्रश्न आम चासोको विषय हो । यसमा थुप्रै कारणहरू छन् । प्रमुख कारण भनेको हाम्रो देशको राजनैतिक अस्थिरता र त्यसले निम्त्याएका समस्याहरू हुन् । हाम्रो देशमा राजनीति संस्कार छैन । राजनीतिमा ३५ वर्षदेखि एउटै व्यक्ति र एउटा निश्चित राजनैतिक दलहरूको हालीमुहाली भइरहेको छ । राजनीतिज्ञहरू जनताका सेवक हुनुको साटो राजनीतिलाई व्यवसायीकरण गरिएको छ। यस्ताे चरित्रले गर्दा राज्यको अर्थतन्त्र कमिसन र भ्रष्टाचारको दलदलमा फसेको छ । हाम्रो देशमा व्यक्ति धनी बन्ने दौडमा रहेकोले देशको अर्थतन्त्र अधाेगतितर्फ गएको छ । गरिब देशमा धनी व्यक्ति बस्ने देश भएको छ हाम्रो देश । राजनैतिक दलहरूले व्यक्तिगत लाभ लिने मनसाय राखी यहाँको राजनीतिलाई ठेकेदार, पैसावाल, नातागोता, गुण्डालाई क्रमशः हस्तान्तरण गर्दै गएको देखिन्छ र सुनिन्छ । देश धनी भए सबै व्यक्ति धनी बन्छन् भन्ने यथार्थतालाई राजनैतिक दल र राजनीतिज्ञले नबुझी निश्चित व्यक्ति धनी बन्ने गरी यहाँको राजनीति अघि बढेको छ । जनताको सेवा गर्न मन्त्री, प्रधानमन्त्री वा अन्य जिम्मेवारीमा बस्नेभन्दा कमिसन, भ्रष्टाचार गर्ने मनसायका साथ बस्ने गरिएको बुझिन्छ । राजनैतिक नैतिकता शून्यमा झरेको देश कहिल्यै विकसित बन्न सक्दैन । राजनैतिक भविष्य र राजनैतिक संस्कार अन्योलमा रहेको देखेर पनि यहाँका युवायुवती अवसरको खोजीमा विकसित देशमा जाने नै भए ।

नेपालबाट यसरी युवाहरू विदेशिनुको दोश्रो कारण भनेको रोजगारको अवसर नहुनु वा भएको रोजगारबाट आफ्नो जीवनयापन नधानिनु पनि हो । हाम्रो देशमा कुनै ठुला उद्योगधन्दा छैनन् । आयातमुखी अर्थतन्त्र र वैदेशिक रोजगारबाट भित्रिएको रकमबाट देश चलिरहिएको अवस्था  छ । निर्यातमुखी अर्थतन्त्र नभई देश अघि बढ्न सक्दैन । आयात गरिएका सामानमा राज्यले ३०० प्रतिशतसम्म जनताबाट कर असुली गर्ने गरेको छ । भारत वा चीनमा १० लाख पर्ने सवारीसाधन वा यस्तै अन्य साधन खरिद गर्दा नेपालमा ३२ लाख तिर्नुपर्ने अवस्थाले यहाँका जनता राज्यको चरम दोहन भोग्न बाध्य छन् । यी सबै व्यवहारसँग परिचित तथा बुझेका युवायुवती आफ्नो भविष्य सुनिश्चित गर्न पनि विदेश पलायन हुने नै भए ।

यहाँ उच्च शिक्षा अध्ययन गर्ने राम्रो विश्वविद्यालय पनि छैन । भएका राम्रा विश्वविद्यालयमा  जो कसैले पढाउन सक्ने आर्थिक क्षमता राख्दैनन् । यहाँको पढाइ पुरातनवादी अर्थात् अनुत्पादनमुखी छ, जुन पढेर दैनिक जीवनमा काम लाग्ने खालको छैन । यस कारण पनि हाम्रा युवायुवती पलायन भइरहेका छन् ।कामअनुसारको आर्थिक भुक्तानी गर्न यहाँको राज्य वा निजी क्षेत्र वा अन्य कुनै निकाय सक्षम छैनन् । राज्यले तोकेको तल्लो तहकाे ज्याला नै प्रति महिना रु. १३४०० रहेको हाम्रो देशमा उसकाे आर्थिक हैसियत कस्तो होला भन्ने सहज अनुमान गर्न सकिन्छ ।

यहाँ पैसा हुने वा आर्थिक र सामाजिक अवस्था राम्रो भएका व्यक्ति वा परिवारले कुनै ठाउँमा गएर केही दिन रमाईलो गरौँ भन्ने त्यस्तो स्थान पनि छैन । प्रकृतिले दिएका राम्रा स्थानमा जान पनि हप्तौँ समय खर्चिनुपर्ने, पैदल यात्रामार्फत यात्रा गर्नुपर्ने वा जीवनलाई जोखिममा मोल्नुपर्ने अवस्था छ । त्यस्ता स्थानमा सहज यातायातको सुविधा छैन । आधुनिक जमानामा हरेक व्यक्ति व्यस्ततापछि आराम चाहन्छ । यात्रा चाहन्छ, जसको लागि यहाँ थोरै मात्र रोजाइहरू छन् । पोखरा, चितवन मात्र सबैको पहुँच पुग्ने पर्यटकीयस्थल जस्तो देखिन्छ । यहाँ रहेका रारा, रामारोसन, बडिमालिका, सगरमाथा, मुक्तिनाथ, ढोरपाटन, मनास्लु, अन्नपूर्ण, लाङटाङ, कन्चनजङ्घा, अपी, मकालु वरुण, खप्तड, सेफोक्सुण्डो लगायत थुप्रै हाम्रा भूस्वर्गहरू छन् जहाँ कोही कसैले हालसम्म केही पूर्वाधार विकास पनि गरेका छैनन् । यस्ता कतिपय स्थानको विकास र विस्तारमा राज्यकै भूमिका हुनुपर्ने र निजी क्षेत्र वा व्यक्तिको लगानीले मात्र त्यसकाे दीर्घकालिन विकास नहुने यथार्थलाई यहाँको राज्य संयन्त्रले नबुझिदिदा वा गैरजिम्मेवारी भइदिदा हरेक युवाहरूमा एक प्रकारको वितृष्णा पैदा भएकोले पनि सुरक्षित जीवनयापनको खोजीमा हाम्रा युवाहरू बाहिर गइरहेको अवस्था छ ।

धेरै युवाहरू विदेशिएसँगै हाम्रो धर्म, संस्कार, परम्परा र संस्कृति पनि क्रमशः विदेशिदै गएको देखिन्छ । बाबु, आमासँग बस्ने वा बाबुआमालाई पाल्ने, एउटै परिवारमा मिलेर बस्ने, सामुहिक भावनालाई आत्मसात गर्ने जस्ता संस्कारमा परिवर्तन भई व्यक्तिगत भावना, निजी जीवनमा रम्ने सोचको विकास भएको देखिन्छ । आमाबाबुको लागि को आफ्नो जीवन अर्पण गर्ने ? हाम्रो निजी जीवन छैन ? भन्ने जस्ता सोच र संस्कार क्रमशः पाश्चात्य समाजबाट यहाँ आएको छ । निजी जीवनसँग रमाउन वा आफ्ना लागि मात्र मिहिनेत गर्नेका लागि याे देशभन्दा विदेश नै ठिक लाग्ने भयाे । तसर्थ पनि आजकालका युवाहरू विदेशिरहेका देखिन्छन् ।

युवाहरू राज्यका अमूल्य सम्पति हुन् । तिनीहरू देशमा नरहने हो भने हाम्रो देशको विकास निकै धीमा गतिमा अघि बढ्ने निश्चित छ । यसतर्फ हामी, हाम्रो समाज, राजनैतिक दल, राजनीतिज्ञहरूमा समय मै ध्यान जानु जरुरी छ । हाम्रो देशमा रहेका थुप्रै अवसरहरूमा हामीसँगै राज्य संयन्त्र, निजी क्षेत्र सबैको मिहिनेत, परिश्रम र लगानी रहे मात्र हाम्रो देश छिट्टै विकसित देश बन्छ । देश विकसित भए हाम्रा युवाहरूकाे विदेशिने क्रममा अवश्य पनि कमी हुने छ ।


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नेपालमा पर्यटन
- Manaswi Sapkota - 26004, Grad ... 12 December, 2022

हरेक देशको विकासको लागि राम्रो अर्थतन्त्र हुनु आवश्यक छ ।  हाम्रो देशको आर्थिक अवस्था राम्रो छैन । हामीले यसलाई विभिन्न विधिहरूद्वारा सुधार गर्न सक्छौँ । तीमध्ये एउटा पर्यटन हो । नेपाल हिमाल, ताल, पोखरी र प्राकृतिक सौन्दर्यका लागि प्रसिद्ध देश हो । नेपालमा १२ वटा राष्ट्रिय निकुञ्ज र धेरै वन्यजन्तु आरक्षित क्षेत्रहरू छन् । नेपालमा वर्षैभरि पर्यटक भेट्टाउन सकिन्छ । यी मध्ये ४५% भन्दा बढी पर्यटक प्राकृतिक सौन्दर्यका लागि नेपाल आउने अनुमान गरिएको छ । यस्तो अवस्थामा नेपाललाई पर्यटन विकासका लागि आवश्यक छ भन्ने बुझ्न सकिन्छ ।

विश्व बैंकको रेकर्डअनुसार देशको अर्थतन्त्रको ६.७% भन्दा बढी पर्यटन उद्योगद्वारा सहयाेग पुगेकाे छ ।  त्यो लगभग २.२ बिलियन अमेरिकी डलर हो ।  पर्यटन उद्योगले पनि नेपालमा रोजगारीको अवसर बढाउन मद्दत गरेको छ । पर्यटन उद्योगका कारण धेरैले रोजगारी पाएका छन् । नेपालमा पर्यटन उद्योगमा प्रशस्त सम्भावना रहेको देख्न सकिन्छ । नेपालमा पर्यटनका लागि पर्याप्त स्रोतसाधन छन् तर हामीले ती स्रोत साधनको सही सदुपयोग गर्न नसक्दा अर्थतन्त्र कमजोर बनेकाे छ ।

नेपालमा पर्यटनका फाइदा धेरै छन् । पहिलो विदेशी मुद्रा आर्जन हो । नेपालमा पर्यटनको विकास हुँदा हामीले धेरै विदेशी मुद्रा भित्र्याउन सक्छाैँ । हामीले विदेशमा पनि मान्यता पाउछौँ । पर्यटन उद्योगले नेपालमा वर्षेनी रु. २३.६ अर्ब सहयाेग पुर्‍याएकाे छ । यसरी पर्यटनको कारणले अर्थतन्त्रमा पनि ठुलाे सहयाेग भएकाे बलियाे प्रमाण हाे । नेपालमा पर्यटनको अर्को महत्त्व भनेको रोजगारीको अवसरमा बृद्धि हो । नेपालमा रोजगारीका अवसरहरू नभएकाले धेरैजसो युवाहरूले नेपाल छाडेको हामीलाई थाहा छ । नेपालमा पर्यटन उद्योगको विकास गर्ने हो भने यसले धेरैलाई रोजगारी दिन मद्दत गर्छ । यसले हरेक वर्ष युवाहरूले देश छाड्ने क्रमकाे दर घट्नेछ । पर्यटनले हाम्रो देशको संस्कृति र परम्परालाई विश्वभर फैलाउन मद्दत गर्छ ।  यसले हाम्रो देशलाई आर्थिक रूपमा मद्दत गर्ने छ।

नेपालमा पर्यटन क्षेत्र आम्दानी र विकासको ठूलो स्रोत भए पनि पर्यटनलाई अगाडि बढाउन हामीले सामना गर्नुपर्ने केही चुनौतीहरू छन् । तीमध्ये एक प्रमुख चुनौती यातायात हो । नेपाल भाैगाेलिक विषमतायुक्त मुलुक हाे । सबै ठाउँमा राम्राेसँग अझैँ सडक यातायात पुग्न सकेकाे छैन ।  नेपालमा यातायातको माध्यम भनेकाे सडक वा हवाई हो । नेपालको सडक राम्रोसँग बनेको छैन ।  ग्रामीण क्षेत्रका सडकमा धुलो र ढुङ्गा कारण आवतजावत गर्न गाह्रो हुन्छ । हवाई यातायातको कुरा गर्ने हो भने नेपालको एक मात्र अन्तराष्ट्रिय विमानस्थल काठमाडौँमा छ । विदेशबाट कोही पोखरा आउन चाहन्छन भने पहिले काठमाडौं अवतरण गरेर मात्र पोखरा जानुपर्छ । नेपालमा धेरै आन्तरिक विमानस्थलहरू पनि छैनन् त्यसैले यातायातको एक मात्र माध्यम अधिकांश समय सडक हो । यी सडक पनि व्यवस्थित हुन नसक्दा पर्यटकले धेरै समस्या झेल्नुपर्ने बाध्यता बनेकाे छ।  

नेपालले पर्यटन क्षेत्रमा सामना गरिरहेको अर्को चुनौती भनेको राम्रो होटल, पर्यटन केन्द्र, पर्यटकीय स्थल, सुरक्षा आदिको अभाव हो । नेपालमा अधिकांश पर्यटकीयस्थल ग्रामीण भेगमा रहेकाले पर्यटकले गुणस्तरीय होटल र सुरक्षा पाउन सकेका छैनन् । नेपालमा गोसाइँकुण्ड, दूधपोखरी, रारा, ढोरपाटन, हिले, श्रीनगर लगायतका प्राकृतिक पर्यटकीय स्थलहरू धेरै छन् भने पर्यटकहरू त्यहाँ पुग्ने गरेका छन् तर ती स्थानहरूमा पुग्न मानिसहरूलाई निकै असुविधाको सामना गर्नुपर्ने हुन्छ । हामीले देशको पर्यटन क्षेत्रकाे विकास गर्नुपर्दछ किनकि यसले हामीलाई आर्थिक रूपमा धेरै मद्दत मिल्दछ ।
धन्यवाद!
स्रोत:https://andjournal.in/2018/07/13/tourism-importance-prospects-and-challenges-with-special-reference-to-nepal/


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Tashi R Ghale
- Krituka Sapkota - 25005, Grad ... 12 December, 2022

Tashi R. Ghale is a native of Manang, situated north of Mount Annapurna, and is famous in the Annapurna region. He continued his education in the Indian hill town of Darjeeling. In the Annapurna region of Manang, Nepal, where he currently manages a trekker lodge called Hotel Mountain Lake and captures pictures of people, mountains, and wildlife, mountains and snow leopards are two of his favorite subjects.

His artwork has appeared in calendars, postcards, novels, travel publications, hiking maps, and brochures. He was a major contributor to the 2004 and 2007 Destination Manang campaigns.  Ghale watches snow leopards for Third Pole Conservancy as a citizen scientist, and he has taken numerous photos of the snow leopard. He was the first in Manang, to record camera-trap evidence of Pallas's cats. It turned out to be a Pallas cat that did not have a Nepali name so, researchers gave it the name Tashi Biralo (Tashi is good luck in the Tibetan language and Biralo is a cat in Nepali) which was formerly believed to be extinct in the Himalayas. He declares, "I am honored and fortunate to have a cat named after me.” Peter Simon Pallas, a German scientist, discovered it in Central Asia far back in 1776, which is why it bears his name. His first Snow Leopard encounter occurred on March 19, 2006, and he has since recorded 15 live sightings. Additionally, he took the Manang Valley's rare Himalayan wolves into the camera for the first time in forty years. Ghale  is now regarded as a local expert in video trap technology, and sets and maintains camera traps in numerous sites throughout the high-altitude rocky terrain in Manang to monitor a variety of species. Some of his awards and achievements are; 
2006: The Himal Association and WWE-Nepal honored the third-place film at the Kathmandu International Mountain Film Festival (KIMFF). 
2007: National Forum of PhotoJournalists of Nepal's second place in the press photo contest
2015: Student Conference on Conservation Science (SCCS), Beijing, 6–8 November: Second place for Best Talk Award for a presentation titled "Diversity and distribution of carnivores in Nyeshang valley." Peking University in China's Beijing Forum. www.beijingforum.org
2016: Trail Camera Video Contest's top five videos for showcasing distinctive animal behavior and high-caliber footage from trailcampro.com. https://www.trailcampro.com/pages/2016-trail-camera-video-contest

Reference:
Tales Beyond The Mountain. Tashi R Ghale. 
Nepal8thWonder.Tashi R. Ghale, The guardian of the Snow Leopards in Nepal Himalayas. 1OJune,2020.

 


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Music and movies should not be free
- Sauharda Bajracharya - 26010, ... 09 December, 2022

One of the biggest debates of the 21st century is "Should music and movies be free?" Many people complain that they have to pay to download music and movies. But in reality, people don't even pay to download music or movies. These days, anyone can download music and movies due to the easy access on the internet. Pirating music and movies has always been and will always be a part of the culture specifically of this era.

Many of us can download pirated music from various websites and choose songs to listen to without paying for it. It is not like a record where you can't choose which songs to play and you have to pay for it. But as technology grows around the world, nobody uses records anymore. The same goes for movie CDs. Now everyone can download movies from the internet without spending any money. However, downloading music or movies from such pirated software is illegal. Also, pirated music and movies have poor sound quality. People spend hundreds of dollars on smartphones and other gadgets, but they do not have $1 for a song? A music artist has only one job- making music. If we don't buy their music, they won't get paid. Making music is a job that takes a lot of time and money. It takes a lot of effort to make one song, and the person who made it deserves to get paid. Without buying music, the dream of a new artist suddenly becomes unprofitable. Money is one of the most important motivations for making good music. When artists get money, they get motivated to produce more songs. This also goes for actors who play in movies.

Nowadays, lots of people prefer to stream movies at home instead of going to the movie theater. We can watch the latest movies on different pirated websites or on streaming services like Netflix and Amazon Prime. People have huge 4K TVs at home with surround sound systems and access to the latest movies. Though there are lots of movies on pirated websites, watching/streaming movies on such platforms do not make actors any money. Hence, music and movies should not be free and we should pay to stream them.

 


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चन्द्रागिरिकाे यात्रा
- Niharika Chapagain - 25006, G ... 09 December, 2022


यही मिति मंसिर ११ गते, म मेरा कक्षा १० का केही साथीहरूसँग चन्द्रागिरि, भालेश्वर महादेवको मन्दिर भ्रमणका लागि गएकी थिएँ । विद्यालयमा अङ्ग्रेजी विषय पढाउने हाम्री गुरुआमा साम्यो हाङ्गमा राईले हामीलाई चन्द्रागिरिको भ्रमण गरेर त्यस ठाउँको इतिहासका बारेमा प्रस्तुतीकरण दिने कार्य हामीलाई सुम्पिनु भएको थियो । त्यो कार्य गर्नका लागि हामीलाई दुई दुई जनाको समूहमा विभाजन गरिएकाे थियाे तापनि हामी कक्षा १० का सात जना विद्यार्थीहरू त्याे कार्य पूरा गर्नका साथसाथै मनोरञ्जन तथा चन्द्रागिरिको इतिहास बुझ्नका लागि सँगै हिड्यौँ।

हामी सबै जनाले चन्द्रागिरि जाने बाटोमा पर्ने ठाउँ सतुङ्गलमा भेट्ने निर्णय गर्याैँ र आफ्नो यातायातको व्यवस्था आफैँ नै गर्यौँ । साथीहरू आआफ्नै तरिकाले आए भने मलाई चाहिँ बुबाले पुर्‍याइदिनुभयो । म घरबाट बिहानको ८ : ४५ मा खाना खाएर बुबासँग गाडीमा बसेँ र म सतुङ्गल ९:३० मा पुग्दा मेरा सबै साथीहरू भर्खर भर्खर आइपुगेका रहेछन्  । त्यहाँबाट मलाई छोडेर बुबा आफ्नो कामतिर लाग्नुभयो र हामी साथीहरू सबै एक स्थानीय बसको खोजीमा हिँड्दै थियौँ । केही समय हिँडेपछि हामीले बस भेट्टायौँ  तर बसबाट चन्द्रागिरि जान मिल्दैन रहेछ । हामीलाई गाडी जुन बाटोसम्म जान मिल्थ्याे त्यही बाटाेसम्म मात्र बसले छोडिदियो । त्यसपछि सँगै गफ गर्दै हामी चन्द्रागिरिको मुख्य केबलकारको टिकट काट्ने ठाउँसम्म पुग्यौँ । हामीले  बाटोमा आफ्नो परियोजना कार्यका लागि फोटाहरू पनि खिच्यौँ । हामीलाई माथि पुग्न धेरै समय लाग्यो । हामी माथि पुग्दा त १०: ३० भइसकेको रहेछ ।  

टिकट काट्नका लागि केही साथीहरू गए तर केही समयपछि के थाह भयो भने केबलकार बिग्रिएकाले बन्द पो रहेछ । मैले त घरबाट नै अनलाइन टिकट लिइसकेकी थिएँ अनि यहाँसम्म पुगेर पनि के माथि नचढी जानु भनेर हामीले तिस मिनेट जति कुर्यौँ । करिब आधा घण्टा हामीले त्यहाँ भएका आकर्षक दृश्यहरू अवलाेकन गर्दै, रमाउँदै र फोटो खिच्दै बिताएका थियौँ । त्यसपछि टिकट काउन्टर र केबलकार दुबै सुचारु भए । हामी केबलकारमा बसेर हरियाली र काठमाडौँ सहर हेर्दै माथि मन्दिर भएको ठाउँमा पुग्यौँ । माथि पुगेर चारैतिर देखिने हिमालकाे अवलाेकन गर्दै त्यो यात्राको चिनोका रूपमा एउटा फोटो खिचेर हामी मन्दिर भएको ठाउँतिर लाग्यौँ । हामी बिहान आउँदा असाध्यै चिसो थियो तर त्यतिबेला हामीले ढिला गरेर अनि अन्य कुराहरूका कारणले ११ बजिसकेको थियो । घाम लागेर हाेला हामीलाई न्यानो अनुभव भयो । पहिले त आफ्ना जुत्ताहरू खोलेर मन्दिरमा प्रवेश गर्यौँ र पुजारीका हातबाट रातो अबिर लगाएर भालेश्वर महादेवको दर्शन गर्याैँ । हरियाली वनकाे त्याे शुद्ध हावा र हिमालयको दर्शनीय दृश्यले हामी साँच्चै आनन्दित बनेका थियाैँ । भालेश्वर महादेव विराजमान हुनुभएकाे पवित्र भूमिका रूपमा पनि त्याे क्षेत्रकाे गरिमा बढेकाे कुरा थाहा पायाैँ । भालेश्वर महादेवको मन्दिरमा मनकामना पूरा हुने विश्वास रहेकाे कारणले मानिसहरू टाढा टाढाबाट आउँदा रहेछन् ।

पुजारी बुबाको अनुमति लिएर हामीले उहाँसँग फोटोहरू पनि खिच्यौँ । त्यसपछि हामी यहाँ परियोजना कार्यका लागि भ्रमण गर्न आएको भनेर थाहा पाएपछि उहाँले हामीलाई चन्द्रागिरी र भालेश्वर महादेवको इतिहास र अन्य महत्त्वपूर्ण कुराहरू बताइदिनुभयो । पृथ्वीनारायण शाहको त्यहाँ एउटा मूर्ति पनि रहेछ । त्यसको इतिहास पनि हामीले बुझ्यौँ । यी पहाडहरूबाट नै राजा पृथ्वीनारायण शाहले धेरै रमणीय र समृद्ध काठमाडौं उपत्यकाको पहिलो झलक पाएका थिए । त्यसपछि राजाको मनमा उपत्यकालाई आफ्नो राज्यमा गाभ्ने विचार जाग्याे । हामीलाई यस कुराले असाध्यै गर्व बनायो अनि त्यस ठाउँको धार्मिक र ऐतिहासिक महत्त्व बुझेपछि त्यहाँ बस्न अझ रमाइलो भयो । त्यसपछि फेरि केही फोटाहरू खिचेर हामी सबै जना आफ्नो आफ्नो बाटो लाग्यौँ । अङ्ग्रेजी विषय पढाउने गुरुआमाले दिनुभएको परियोजना कार्यले हामीलाई त्यहाँकाे इतिहाससम्बन्धी ज्ञान प्राप्त गर्ने अवसर प्राप्त भयो । त्यो दिन एक हाम्रा लागि अविस्मरणीय  बनेकाे थियो ।  


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सामाजिक सञ्जाल र सूचना
- Aayusi Shrestha - 26002, Grad ... 08 December, 2022

सामाजिक सञ्जाल भनेकाे विभिन्न घटना, सूचना तथा जानकारीहरूलाई सम्प्रेषण गर्ने माध्यम हाे । जसका विभिन्न फाइदा र बेफाइदा हुन्छन् । सामाजिक सञ्जालकाे माध्यमबाट विविध प्रकारका जानकारी र ज्ञानहरू आदानप्रदान गरिन्छ । यिनै सूचना तथा जानकारीको साथसाथै धेरै गलत सूचनाहरू पनि सम्प्रेषण भएकाे भेटिन्छन् । आजकल सबैले विभिन्न प्रकारका सामाजिक सञ्जालहरू प्रयोग गर्छन्,जस्तैः फेसबुक, इन्स्टाग्राम, मेसेन्जर, ट्विटर, स्न्यापच्याट, टिकटक आदि । आजकल बालबालिकाहरूले अत्याधिक मात्रामा सामाजिक सञ्जालकाे प्रयाेग गर्ने भएकाले त्यहाँ भेटिने गलत सूचना, अनावश्यक भिडियाे आदिले असर पारेकाे छ । उनीहरू यसरी लगातार  अनुपयुक्त तथा अनावश्यक जानकारीहरूसँग नजिक हुँदा बाल मस्तिष्कमा नकारात्मक असर पारेकाे हुन्छ ।
सामाजिक सञ्जालका धेरै फाइदाहरू छन्, जस्तैः  हामी यसको माध्यमबाट सञ्चार गर्न सक्छौँ र यसलाई अनुसन्धानको लागि प्रयोग गर्न सक्छौँ, देशविदेशमा घटेका घटनाहरूकाे बारेमा समयमा नै सुसूचित हुन्छाैँ । त्यस्तै कुनै विषयवस्तुकाे बारेमा साेधखाेज गर्नका लागि पनि यस्ता किसिमका सञ्जालहरूकाे प्रयाेग गर्न सक्छाैँ । त्यस्तै यसका बेफाइदाहरू पनि छन्, समाजिक सञ्जालकाे दुरुपयाेगले व्यक्तिगत तथा सामाजिक जीवनमा नकारात्मक प्रभाव पार्न सक्छ भन्ने थाहा हुँदाहुँदै पनि धेरै मानिसहरूले गलत सूचना फैलाउँछन् । जसले गर्दा धेरै निर्दोष मानिसहरू समस्यामा परेका छन् । सामाजिक सञ्जालमा भनिएका सबै कुरा मानिसहरूले विश्वास गर्छन् । हामीले देखेका सबै कुरामा विश्वास गर्नु हुँदैन । आजभाेलि दैनिक विभिन्न माध्यमबाट धेरै लेखहरू प्रकाशित हुने गरेका छन् । जसअन्तर्गत कुनै कुनै लेखहरूमा भ्रामक जानकारीहरू पनि रहेकाे पाइन्छन् । हामीले सामाजिक सञ्जालमा फेला पार्ने यस्ता गलत सूचनाहरू मात्र होइनन्, धेरै हानिकारक पनि हुन सक्छन् । सामाजिक सञ्जाल एक सञ्जाल हो, जहाँ धेरै मानिसहरूले आफ्नो अनुभव र अन्य धेरै कुराहरू राख्ने गर्छन् । 
मानिसहरू विभिन्न उद्देश्यका लागि सामाजिक सञ्जालकाे प्रयोग गर्छन् । साँच्चै भन्नुपर्दा सामाजिक सञ्जालले विगत केही वर्षदेखि समाजलाई धेरै सहयोग गरेको छ । उदाहरणका लागि, जब कोरोनाको कारण लकडाउन थियो, हामीले यही सामाजिक सञ्जालका कारण काम र अध्ययन अध्यापन गर्न पायौँ । साथै हामी अन्य आवश्यक कुराहरू प्राप्त गर्न यसलाई प्रयोग गर्न सक्छौँ। हामी यसलाई लुगा र खाना किन्न, जवाफ खोज्न, पढ्न वा मनोरञ्जनको रूपमा प्रयोग गर्न प्रयोग गर्न पनि सक्छौँ । तर यसकाे सही प्रयाेग गर्न सकेनाैँ भने हाम्रो दैनिक जीवनमा धेरै समस्याहरू सिर्जना गर्दछ । गलत सूचना छिटो फैलिने गर्छ । यदि कसैले केही भन्यो र कोही उसको कुरामा सहमत भएन भने तिनीहरू सामाजिक सञ्जालकाे दुरुपयाेग गर्छन् । धेरै मानिसहरूले आफ्नो स्वार्थको लागि गलत जानकारी फैलाउँछन् । उदाहरणका लागि, काेही मानिसहरू केवल व्यक्तिगत स्वार्थका लागि, क्षणिक समयकाे आनन्दकाे लागि झटा सूचनाहरू राख्छन् । हामी मानिसहरू धेरै जिज्ञासु हुन्छौँ त्यसैले हामीले अनलाइन देख्ने धेरैजसो सूचनाहरूमा हेर्ने गर्छौं तर दुःखको कुरा केही मानिसहरूले यसको फाइदा उठाउँछन् र हामीलाई समस्यामा पार्ने प्रयास गर्छन् ।अहिले समाजिक सञ्जालमा दिनहुँ धेरै गलत जानकारी भाइरल हुन्छन्।
हामी धेरैलाई याद होला कि एक पटक ठूलो भुकम्प आउँछ भनेर झुटो सूचना अफवाह पनि फैलाएको थियो ।जसले गर्दा सबै मानिसमा डर पैदा भएको थियो र सबैजनालाई सचेत पनि बनाएको थियो तर एक हप्ता बितिसक्दा पनि केही भएको थिएन  । हामी यसलाई   प्रतिबन्ध लगाउन सक्दैनौँ  किनकि यसमा बेफाइदाहरू भन्दा बढी फाइदाहरू छन् । त्यसैले हामीसँग भएका सबै सामाजिक क्षेत्रहरू मेटाउनुको सट्टा हामी केवल गलत जानकारीलाई बेवास्ता गर्न र यसलाई फैलाउनबाट रोक्न सक्दो प्रयास गर्न सक्छौँ । हामीले मानिसहरूलाई गलत सूचना र झुटा समाचारहरूले कसरी नकारात्मक असर पार्न सक्छ भन्नेबारे सचेत गराउनुपर्छ । हामीले अनलाइन देख्ने वा पढेका सबै कुरालाई विश्वास गर्न पनि बन्द गर्नुपर्छ किनभने हामीले अनलाइनमा हेरेका सबै कुरा सत्य हुँदैनन्। तथ्यमा आधारित वा प्रमाण नभएसम्म हामीले कुनै कुरामा विश्वास गर्नु हुँदैन।


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COCO CHANEL
- Joya Shrestha - 25004, Grade ... 08 December, 2022

Gabrielle Bonheur Chanel, known as “Coco Chanel” was born in Saumur, France, on August 19, 1883. She founded the Chanel brand and was also a fashion designer and businessperson. She had been abandoned by her father when she was 12 years old and stayed at a Roman Catholic orphanage for six years as her mother had died of tuberculosis. Chanel worked as a café singer for a few years. As a singer, she performed in clubs and was called "Coco." Coco Chanel was known for her timeless designs, trademark suits, and little black dresses. In Paris, Chanel started a millinery business with Etienne Balsan when she was 20.

Chanel began selling hats in 1910 when she opened her first shop on the Rue Cambon in Paris. Later, she opened shops in Biarritz and Deauville.  It was in 1920 that Coco introduced the Chanel suit and the little black dress, which were more comfortable for women, as well as the launch of her perfume. Her first taste of clothing success was a dress she fashioned out of an old jersey on a chilly day. Over 2,000 people were employed in Chanel's industries, including a perfume laboratory, a textile mill, and a jewelry workshop. Chanel industries were reported to be worth millions of dollars. In 1921, she introduced Chanel No. 5 with Ernst Beaux, one of France's most talented perfume creators, and it became one of the most successful perfumes ever. Chanel introduced the Chanel suit in 1925, which featured a collarless jacket and a well-fitted skirt. By then her designs were extremely popular. With her help, women could say goodbye to corsets and other confining garments. Little black dresses were another Chanel design from the 1920s. She showed how chic a color once associated with mourning could be for evening wear. 16 years after retiring from fashion in 1938, Coco Chanel made a comeback as she felt that French fashion was dominated by men. The Chanel look was adopted and enjoyed by rich and famous women in France, but she pulled them back. At that time, she was one of the most famous fashion designers in the world. Besides dresses, she was also creating new types of expensive jewelry.

In World War II the Chanel company had a negative impact which led her to close her business. Chanel fired her workers and closed her shops. Chanel died on January 10, 1971, at her apartment in the Ritz. A Broadway musical based on Chanel's fascinating life story was produced in 1969. During the last hours of her life, Coco Chanel walked with one of her friends before retiring to her hotel room. Coco's last words were, "You See, This is how you die.". After that, she passed away. Some of her famous quotes are: “A girl should be two things: classy and fabulous.” and  “In order to be irreplaceable, one must always be different.”

REFERENCE

Chanel, Coco. “Coco Chanel Quotes (Author of The Gospel According to Coco Chanel).” Goodreads, https://www.goodreads.com/author/quotes/3004479.Coco_Chanel. 2022

 “Coco Chanel - Quotes, Fashion & Facts - Biography.” Biography (Bio.),https://www.biography.com/fashion-designer/coco-chanel. 2018

“Coco Chanel | Biography, Fashion, Designs, Perfume, & Facts.” Encyclopedia Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Coco-Chanel .
 


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पीडामय अनुभूति
- Ayan Basnet - 25019, Grade X ... 07 December, 2022

मेरो जीवनको एउटा नयाँ मोड
गर्नुपर्ने परीक्षाका लागि धेरै जाेड ।।
एस.ई.ई. आउन समय निकै थियो
एस.ई.ई. पहिले सबै रसमय थियो ।।

जीवनमा कहिल्यै अभाव न दबाब थियो,
हास्ने र रमाउने समय एस.ई. ई.ले लियो ।।
समय पर्खिने छैन कसैलाई, परीक्षा आउँदैछ, 
मलाई बेला बेलामा झस्काउँदैछ,तर्साउँदैछ ।।

परीक्षाको तयारी म आज होइन भोलि भन्छु,
म एक अल्छी केटो सधैँ बहाना मात्र खोज्छु ।।
बसेर दिनभर म पढ्न त खोज्छु-खोज्छु,
माेबाइलकाे घन्टी बज्दा त्यतै अल्झि बस्छु ।।

अन्तिममा अब बाँकी केही रहेन,
बाँकी भएको समय पनि रहेन ।।
यस्तो अवस्थामा त केही भएन,
अझ पनि ममा कुनै परिवर्तन आएन ।।
 


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What is the best food to serve at an event or party in Nepal?
- Rushina Tamang - 26008, Grade ... 07 December, 2022

A party or an event involves bringing together a lot of people. When a lot of people get together they talk, they walk around the venue, they dance, sing and the children run around and play. All these activities will make a person tired. And when a person is tired, in order to gain back their energy, they need to eat food. A lot of people have a lot of hungry stomachs. And a lot of stomachs to feed means a lot of food.

Not everyone in an event or party has the same type of diet. Some people may even be allergic to some types of foods. So, the best type of food to serve at an event or party cannot really be one type of food. There has to be varieties of food. So that it satisfies everyone’s diets and if people are allergic to some foods then they always have other options. And in Nepal, the food that suits all these requirements is Dal Bhat which is one dish itself, there are varieties of delicacies. There is rice, dal, vegetables, meat, beans, and even other side dishes. I think it is the perfect dish to serve at a party or event. It has spice and savory flavors which is perfect to lighten up the mood and it tastes good. And what can be better than good tasting food at an event or party when you’re hungry?

Dal bhat is very filling. Since it contains a lot of delicacies and it in itself is a huge meal. And serving food that is delicious, filling and fulfills the requirements of people is the best food to serve at a gathering. And not only that, it is also a very cheaper option in comparison to cakes, baked goods, or other fancy dishes. Since it is a Nepali staple food, it is loved by almost every Nepali person. It is really easy to make. But just dal bhat won’t do for a huge crowd. As I mentioned before, not everyone eats or likes the same food. So adding other side delicacies is also very important. Such as, sweets or fried sausages and french fries or other sautéed delicacies. And the great thing about dal bhat is that it contains varieties of foods. So, even the fried sausages, french fries and even the sweets can be eaten with Dal bhat. And with sweets as desert it would be a full meal.

Dal bhat is a staple or everyday meal to Nepali people. It can be made in different ways. And one can even change the side dishes served with it. You can eat bhat with just the side dishes and no dal. Or you can just eat the side dishes if that is what a person prefers. There are endless side dishes that can be served with Dal bhat because rice goes with almost everything. 
 


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Dr. Sanduk Ruit
- Jiya Sapkota - 27019, Grade X ... 06 December, 2022

Dr. Sanduk Ruit is a great ophthalmologist, a great personality who helped many see the world. Ruit was born on the 19th of Bhadra, 2011 (September 5, 1954) in Olangchung Gola, Taplejung. Although he grew up in a rural area of Nepal; he was born in a stable family and the place was naturally pleasing. Which sums up that, his childhood was decent.

He grew up in a rural area, which meant that he had to walk for hours and days to reach school and it was almost impossible to find health posts too. But growing up, his brother passed away as he couldn't get an emergency treatment. Which is why, a strong hope of making Sanduk a doctor in future got builded up in Sanduk’s father's heart. The decision was made, Sanduk at the age of 7 travelled to Darjeeling to get better studies. Shortly after some time, he lost his two more siblings, both of them being his younger sisters. Then, his aim to be a doctor grew. He started studying with more seriousness and enthusiasm. After completing his MBBS from King’s George Medical College, India, he worked as a General Physician for 3 years in Bir Hospital[2]. Once, during an eye camp; he realised how important eyesight is. And from that very day, he decided to be an eye doctor. Ruit was working at Tripureshwor’s Eye hospital when he got invited by Dr. Fred Hollows to Australia. While in Australia, he was asked to stay in Australia and work there but he declined as he wanted to do something on his own, in his own country. After moving back to Nepal again, he resumed his working in the same Tripureshwor’s hospital and later got married to Nanda Shrestha. In B.S. 2051, he established Tilganga Eye Centre. He developed a technology called “Ruitectomy'', which helped him gain a new name. He used this technology in various countries to treat many patients with poor eyesight. This technology is known as a very cheap and affordable but effective one. To this day, Ruit has had a record of treating more than 100,00 people from all around the world.[2] He has travelled various countries like; Bangladesh, Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, etc to treat people with eye related diseases. He is known as a doctor who returns people’s eyesight in 5 minutes.  The rate of people with poor eyesight in Nepal has decreased from 0.8% to 0.4%, due to the establishment of the Ruitectomy and Tilganga Eye Centre itself.

He has been featured in various videos and documentaries and we can even read about him in books and articles. He has gotten various awards due to his unbelievable contributions.  He definitely is the “God of Sight”, who has been providing a better life for various people and will continue in doing so. He didn’t let anything stop him from achieving his goals, and instead decided to work things out and try even harder. He is an inspiration to us all.

References:

“Sanduk Ruit, MD”, Cure Blindness,
https://cureblindness.org/who-we-are/dr-sanduk-ruit

“Doctor Sanduk Ruit Biography”, Eye Health Nepal, 
https://www.eyehealthnepal.com/doctor-sanduk-ruit-biography/#:~:text=Dr.,the%20%E2%80%9CGod%20of%20Sight%E2%80%9D.

Grade 10 Nepali Book, 3rd Chapter “Sanduk Ruit”


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