Newar community is an indigenous group of people living in and around the Kathmandu valley. We have many religious practices in our culture. We have uncountable culture, jatras, etc. So among our cultural activities, sacrificing animals to god is one of them.

Animals like goats, chicken, buffalo, pigs, etc are sacrificed to god in different festivals and jatras. The practice of animal sacrifice is believed to have originated from the Hindu tradition, where animals were sacrificed to appease the gods and goddesses. Later the practice evolved in different ways and became an important characteristic in the Newar community. In the community, the sacrifice of animals is not only a religious act but is a way of connecting to culture and cultural heritages. It seemed to be a way of giving back to deities to have fortune upon the community. It is also an act of seeking forgiveness for our mistakes.

You must be wondering what next after the sacrifice is done? Is it thrown or eaten? It is distributed among the people of that particular place as “prasad”. Hence, the selection of animals is very important. The selection of animals is done seeing the weight and health of the animal. Health is checked first because we consume that meat and we need to make sure that it is good enough to be consumed. Next, weight is also taken under consideration because the meat of animals has to be distributed in a big number of people. A puja is done before the sacrifice. At last it is sacrificed by cutting the neck part, the blood is completely drained.

So, is it right to sacrifice animals in the name of religion? The question itself is a very controversial question because everyone’s opinions are different. Answering this question causes the rise of many conflicts. Different national and international organisations have gone against animal sacrifice but the defender from the community says it’s very important for the culture and we sacrifice animals with respect and care. In my opinion this should not be a controversial case. If this is intervened by the government then the backlash from the Newar community will be huge.

In conclusion, animal sacrifice is a religious practice in the Newar community that has been done in different jatras and festivals. This is a very controversial and sensitive matter as all have their own opinions in it. It should not be stopped but improved to make both parties happy in this controversial matter. We need to come to a middle ground. 

स्कुलबाट फर्किदा, स्कुल जाँदा, स्कुल बसबाट धेरै अपरिचित मान्छेहरू गुज्रिरहेको देख्छु, कोही खुसी र कोही उदास देखिन्छन् । मलाई यी अपरिचितहरूलाई हेर्न मनपर्छ, तिनीहरूले मलाई वास्तविकताको अनुभूति दिन्छन् । आज मैले एक जोडी केटीहरू दौडँदै  सडक पार गरेको देखेँ, गर्दा ट्याक्सी अचानक केटीहरूको उपस्थितिले रोकिनु परेको थियो । मलाई अचम्म लाग्छ ड्राइभरले केटीहरूको बारेमा के सोचे, के उसले उनीहरूलाई आफ्नो समय बर्बाद गरेकोमा श्राप दियो ? के तिनले उनीहरूलाई अझै पनि जीवनको आनन्द लिइरहेका किशोरहरूका रूपमा सोचेका थिए ? के उसले उनीहरूलाई अझ होसियार भएको चाहान्छ ? वा सायद उसलाई वास्ता थिएन । 
मैले अर्को व्यक्तिलाई देखेँ, जो रिसाएको देखिन्थ्यो । उसले फोनमा कसैलाई गाली गरिरहेको देखिन्थ्यो, धेरै रिसाएको देखिन्थ्यो । मलाई अचम्म लाग्यो कि अर्को लाइनको मान्छे के सोचिरहेको छ ? के गाली खादाँ ऊ दुखी थियो ? रिसाएको मान्छे के सोचिरहेको थियो ?  के ऊ अर्को व्यक्तिप्रति निराश थियो ? के ऊ रिसाउनुको कारण मात्र उसको काम बर्बाद भयो र ऊ आफैँ गाली खायो थियो ? के तिनीहरू मध्ये कसैले वास्ता गर्छन् होला ?

साच्चै भन्नुपर्दा, मैले आज, हिजो वा भोलि देख्ने कुनै पनि व्यक्तिको बारेमा वास्तवमै वास्ता छैन । म उत्सुक छु कि उनीहरूले त्यो वर्तमान समयमा के सोचिरहेका छन् । मेरो मतलब दिनको अन्त्यमा म सोच्छु र सबै जना पनि सोच्छन् । म केवल उत्सुक छु कि उनीहरूले उनीहरूको परिस्थितिको बारेमा के सोच्छन्, उनीहरूले कुरा गरिरहेका मानिसहरूको बारेमा के सोच्छन् र यस्तै । 
मेरो विचारमा अपरिचितहरू हाम्रो जीवनको नचिनिएका र नभेटिएको भाग जस्तै हुन्। तिनीहरू सधैं त्यहाँ हुन्छन् र हामी तिनीहरूलाई सधैँ देख्छौँ । हामी तिनीहरूलाई हेर्छौं, हामी कहिलेकाहीँ तिनीहरूको बारेमा लेख्छौँ र  यदि तिनीहरू रुचिपूर्ण छन् भने हामी तिनीहरूको बारेमा हाम्रा साथीहरूलाई छलफल गर्छौं ।
यदि भोलि संसारको अन्त्य भएको भए आज अपरिचित मानिसहरूले कसरी आफ्नो दिन बिताउनेछन् भनेर जान्न म इच्छुक छु । के तिनीहरू रुनेछन् ? के तिनीहरूले यसलाई अन्तसम्म आनन्द लिन्छन् ? के तिनीहरूले वास्ता गर्दैनन् र इन्टरनेटमा मात्र हुनेछन् ? के तिनीहरू आफ्नो परिवारसँग भएको चाहन्छन् ? के तिनीहरूले स्वीकार गर्नेछन् ? मलाई साँच्चै आश्चर्य लाग्छ ।

मैले केही परिवारका सदस्यहरू देखेँ जो अपरिचित थिए, त्यो पेस्ट्रीमा मैले यो अन्तरक्रिया देखे। त्यो पार्टीमा मैले एक बुबाले आफ्नो छोरालाई आफ्ना काकाहरूलाई भेट गर्न बोलाएको देखें। छोरो अचम्ममा परेको देखियो अनि मान्छेलाई चिनेको छैन जस्तो लाग्यो, बुबाले जान दिएपछि छोराले राहत पाए जस्तो । छोराले वास्ता गरेन किनभने उसका बुबाले उसलाई यी आफन्तहरूसँग चिनाउने चिन्ता गरेनन्। छोराले यो बारेमा के सोच्यो? के ऊ आफ्नो बुबासँग रिसाएको थियो किनभने उनले उसको आफ्ना साथीहरूसँगको समय बिगारेका थिए? खै, मलाई लाग्छ ती दुबैले वास्ता गरेनन्।
माथिको उदाहरणले इन्टरनेटको प्रभावहरू र यसले परिवारहरूलाई कसरी टाढा बनाउँछ भनेर देखाउँछ । इन्टरनेट र वाइफाइको कारणले आजकल हामी वास्तविकताबाट धेरै टाढा छौँ। हामीसँग हाम्रो परिवारको लागि पर्याप्त समय छैन । खाने टेबलमा पनि कुरा गर्नुको सट्टा हामी फोनमा डुबेका छौँ, यति धेरै कि हामीसँग फोनबाट माथि हेर्ने र कुराकानी गर्ने समय पनि हुँदैन । यसले पारिवारिक जीवनमा धेरै असर गरेको छ । परिवारहरू पहिले जस्तो नजिक छैनन् । तिनीहरू एउटै छानामुनि बस्ने अपरिचितहरू जस्तै व्यवहार गर्छन्, जब तिनीहरूको थर, रगत, सबै एउटै छ ।
हामी अपरिचितहरूलाई हेर्छौं र न्याय गर्छौँ तर ती अपरिचितहरूले हामीलाई हेर्छन् र हामीलाई न्याय गर्छन् । हामी एक अपरिचित व्यक्तिलाई भेट्न सक्छौँ । जुन हामीले पछि जीवनमा हाम्रो साथी वा साझेदारको रूपमा भेट्छाैँ । जबसम्म तिनीहरू हाम्रो जीवनमा प्रवेश गर्दैनन् । हामीलाई यि अपरिचितहरूको बारेमा केही थाहा हुदैँन । यसले तिनीहरूलाई अपरिचित बनाउँछ।

Freedom of speech is a fundamental right given to us. This right gives us access to present our opinion in topics freely unless it is hurtful to a certain group or individual. Censorship is a prohibition or suppression of certain ideals, opinions and information. This might be done if the content is deemed offensive or damaging. This is regulated by government co-operations, private corporations and other undercover bodies.

Due to the rise in social media online censorships are at an all time high. The content which is exposed to us, is filtered by the algorithm and the content made on certain topics are taken down. Most of the time, due to censorship we are exposed to one part of the argument but the other part of the argument is hidden from us. In this day and age saying “gay people should be given equal rights” is equal to saying “straight people are terrible”. This hinders our ability to come up with conclusive solutions. This has caused rights or wrongs to be determined by governmental bodies. And freedom of speech is non-existent in this world. The censorship nowadays is so strong that the fundamental right given to us as human beings is being oppressed.

But why do people censor content? This is due to human’s obsession with power. Power: the ability to influence someone's action or in simple words, it is the ability to control someone or something. Our opinion and ideals are the bi product of the information we are exposed to which means if someone has control over the information we are being exposed to they have control over our ideals and a human being without ideals is just a machine made out of flesh. I do not understand people's desire to control or their obsession for power. In my opinion if a person is a functioning human being and is contributing to society they should not be censored. If a person decides to change their gender, people should not try to control them because at the end of the day no matter their gender, religion or age, they are a human being who is contributing to the society. The best way to counter censorship is forming your own ideals, trying to understand both ends of the argument and understanding the perspective of people and their reasoning behind the action.

Even though censorship is bad. Freedom of speech should also have its limits. Censorship is fine if they censor content which is morally wrong. The right to freedom of speech should not be used to harm any groups or individuals. Threats are also speech but it intends to silence an individual or a group so it is morally wrong. The same goes for fraud and hateful comments. We should be respectful towards people while we present our views and opinions. We should also make sure the other party was hurt by the comment we made.

In conclusion, we should find a middle ground between censorship and freedom of speech and before discussing a certain topic we should determine the perspective, the reasoning and the intention behind the argument.

नेपालकी छोरी यही मेराे पहिचान
गर्व छ मलाई  नेपाली हुन पाएकामा
मलाई गुराँसझैँ सम्झेर भन्छन्
सुन जस्तै चम्कन मात्र भन्छन् ।

बन्न चाहन्छु, म इतिहासमा एक
दिएर याेगदान त्याग अनेक
रूप पुतलीझैँ सुन्दर पार्नु छ सङ्गी
छ, माैसम वर्षाकाे बहुरङ्गी ।

रङ्गिन चाहन्छु म चाडपर्व सरी
सजावटी पिँजराकाे चरा सरी
चारैतिर यताउती गरी गरी
रङ्गीबिरङ्गी सुन्दरी पुतली

कहिले घाम कहिले पानी
म पनि नाचे जानी नजानी 
म पनि नाचे आफ्नै भेषमा
रमाएर नाचेँ म आफ्नै देशमा ।

विद्यार्थी तिमी आफ्नो गृहकार्य गर,
खाली ठाउँमा आफ्नो जवाफ भर,
कुनै शिक्षकले तिम्रो साथीलाई कुटिराछ 
तर पछाडिको हल्लालाई तिमी ध्यान नगर ।

संसार ठुलो छ विद्यार्थी,
सपना पनि ठुलो देख्नुपर्छ,
तिमी किताबलाई बाेझ नठान ? 
तिमीलाई यसले नयाँ संसार देखाउने छ ।

अर्काको सपनामा किन बाँच्नु जस्ताे नठान्नू,
हामीले निरन्तर परिश्रम गर्नुपर्छ, यही मान्नू र ?
आमाबुबाको पनि सपना पूरा गर्नुपर्छ,
आमाबुबालाई भगवानकाे स्वरूप मान्नुपर्छ ।

उहाँहरूले तिमीलाई माया गरे या नगरे पनि,
जन्म दिनु भएका आमाबुबालाई
तिमीले आदर र सम्मान गर्नुपर्छ,
यद्यपि, तिमीले जन्म पाएको संसार
कुरूप होस् या नहोस्,
तिमीले देखेकाे संसार 
नयाँ संसार हाे ।

December 12, 2015 about 8 years ago a white VW car with the number plate BA 12. CHA 6100 crashed at five in the morning after going out of control on the way from Maitighar Mandala to Thapathali. Since the area was well lit because of the solar lights the people who were opening their shops for the day were able to witness it. When they went to see who was inside they saw two boys and two girls in the car. It did not take a detective to find out that the crash was caused because the driver had been intoxicated with alcohol and all of the passengers had been partying all night and were returning home. Since all four of them had been hurt they were taken to the Norvic hospital which was nearby and were treated and registered under a fake name. In only a few hours after the accident the police removed the car from the spot and made it look normal as if nothing had happened. Slowly the sun rose and the day started and traffic increased and the roads returned to normal within just a few hours of the accident. Other than the people who saw it no one found out about the accident. Normally if an accident were to happen this would have ended up on the news in no time or at least come on the newspaper the next day but nothing like that happened. A few days later the same car was found being repaired in the garage. And the number plate is found to be registered under the name of an highly reputed media and was being used by the owner’s eldest son. When the people were asked for the explanation of the accident they refused to disclose anything. Since this incident happened with a reputed media company leader no one dared to write about it except for a newspaper daily named Arthik Dainik. And ever since then this newspaper has been slowly dying. Rabi Lamichane had also told about similar incidents including this one, exposing all the big media industries of Nepal. But is actually Nepal's media industry how Lamichhane had described and if not what is the truth behind all of this?

Media is considered to be the fourth pillar of a country. Its job is to bring out true news independent of any external factors and raise their voice against corruption in a country but these same media groups are one of the most corrupt organizations in Nepal and most of the politics also happens here. Every party has their own radios, news daily and news channels who support their respective parties in exchange of funding that they receive from the parties. On the surface it looks as if media companies earn money from advertisements but in reality they earn the most by hiding news, by blackmailing businesspeople to post something against them. If any business group is doing something illegal first of all it has to give money to the leading parties then the media group to make sure that nothing is posted that would reveal their truth. Sometimes the media groups are paid in form of cash and sometimes in the form of shares if not their black deeds will be published. And the business group doesn't have to pay only one media organization but various media organizations. Rabi Lamichane had told all about how this works in the journalist meet and how the twelve brothers of the Nepali media organizations take money to hide crimes from the citizens. According to him, the eldest brother among these 12 corrupt organizations is Nepal’s top media house. The money that is supposed to be distributed to different organizations is first given to him where he divides it into three categories; first class, second class and third class. Here first class being the media groups having high TRP  and third class being media groups having low TRP. The first class media group gets the most money and the other two get according to their TRP. And in exchange for taking this money their job is to not publish anything against these business groups. The same thing happened with an insurance company. They got their license without even completing the process and no one wrote about it even though this was a huge act of felony punishable seriously by the law. This shows how corrupt and untruthful our newspaper is. The report by Media Action Nepal also showed that these media groups were the ones with the highest number of fake news on the platforms.

References:
https://www.beemapost.com/2021/12/23470/
https://nagariknews.nagariknetwork.com/feature-article/story/50547.html
https://mysansar.com/2015/12/21227/
https://mysansar.com/2015/12/21257/
https://mediaactionnepal.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/misleading-news-in-media.pdf

आजभोलि अत्यधिक बढेकाे छ गर्मी 
जाडाे माैसम भएपछि लाग्ने हाेला शर्दी
तराईमा जताततै विद्यालय भए अरे बन्द 
ताताे हावा चल्दै छ रे, मन्द मन्द ।

काठमाडौँमा कट्न थाल्याे तिस डिग्री
मासेका छन् वातावरण छैन केही फिक्री
रुख राेप्ने अभियान अब सुरू गर्नुपर्छ
फाेहाेर मैला व्यवस्थापन गरिहाल्नुपर्छ ।

खाेल्नुपर्छ, कारखाना  घरदेखि टाढा 
बिगार्ने र बनाउने नि मानिस नै हाे सारा
जथाभावी फाल्नुहुन्न, कसिङ्गर फाेहाेर
गाउँ जस्तै हरियाली  हुनुपर्छ सहर ।

खोलानाला सफा राख्ने गर्नुपर्छ काम,
वातावारण बिग्रिएमा रहँदैन नाम ,
हाम्रो घर पृथ्वी हाे, गर्नुपर्छ रक्षा
आफ्नाे घरकाे आफैँ गर्नुपर्छ सुरक्षा ।

हरेक कुरामा अगाडि बढ्याैँ हामी 
साेच चाहिँ बदलिएन हाम्राे 
मानवता छैन यहाँ कसैसँग  
जाे मानवसँग हुनै पर्थ्याे ।

जीवनमा स्वार्थ अँगाले 
अरू सबै भुल्ने, हाम्राे बानी 
वास्ता गर्न छाडे अरूकाे 
समाज, समाज जस्ताे रहेन,

आफ्नै दुनियामा हराए सबै
मात्र रह्याे, मानवता हराएकाे
अरूकाे मतलब छैन, कसैलाई
दुःखी, दुःखी हुँदै गएका छन् ।

मानिस एक्लै छन्
तर, निःस्वार्थी छैनन् 
मानिसका विचार एक्लै छन् 
पीडा बाक्लै छन् र बेग्लै छन् ।

किन हराउँदै  छ मानवता ?
बढ्दै छ, मानिसमै दानवता
हरायाे मानिसमा नैतिकता
खाेज्न कता जाऊँ म, मानवता ?

As we all are growing
We remember our childhood
How perfect it was
And now we are teens.

We never knew we would grow
Grow up this quick
And now we are almost at the end
End of our teenage life.

You start enjoying your life
Knowing you don’t a lot
You won’t have time
When you start working.

Ignoring things you decide to enjoy
Decide to do your best
And be the best for yourself
And move ahead.

Start realizing the goals
And things you need to focus on
You start seeing good in bad too
Having a positive mind set.

Typically, villains on children's television shows are shown to be only motivated by their own selfish goals while the hero tries to stop them. I believe that kid’s shows are trying to encourage little children to help people in need though it’s not a good way. For example, an oceanic villain fighting for the cleanliness of their homeland and being called a monster by the hero is extremely common.

The perspective of a villain is complex and varied. Their behaviour is frequently influenced by past events, and they might be prepared to go to any lengths—regardless of what it means to other people to accomplish their objectives. Though we might disagree with their choices, seeing things from the villain's point of view can help us better understand them and the reasons behind their actions. The villain's viewpoint is frequently affected by their past experiences. They may perceive themselves as the victim. Their darkness and retaliation may be paved by trauma, abuse, or abandonment. As a result,they may develop a distorted viewpoint and believe their acts are justified, even though they are harming other people.

Comparably, the writer for mature shows urges viewers to notice what psychological damage caused someone to become a villain. The hero got over the pain and tried to make something good of it whereas the villain was weak and filled with hatred, to the point where they couldn’t control it. In my opinion, no matter how wrong they seem, they might be lost inside. Villains may view themselves as a victim, oppressed by authority and society in general. Most see themselves as heroes trying to fight a corrupt system, not as evildoers.  In fact, it is factual in some cases. Although, it is executed wrongly. As an example, fighting against a corrupt government by humanslaughter is wrong. Even if it is for the right reason, it hurts other people and can be resolved in other ways. A hero on the other hand, in most shows/books, what I’ve noticed is, at the start of their hero journey, what they decide is to help the people in need. Most likely, that discovery is made from having powers different from usual human beings. Doesn’t that put a pressure on you that since you’re better, you have to help everyone? Everytime they save the earth, the more praise they receive. Hiding your true identity from everyone, you can never be fully honest.  I wonder, doesn’t it get tiring? Having every single person look up to you, scared to disappoint them. And soon, slowly, with time, the hero gets egotistical. Though, if a hero wants to quit they always could. A villain can’t, at least not easily.

In conclusion, a hero and a villain are not so different. Stereotypically, the protagonist (hero) has a positive outlook on life whereas the antagonist (villain) has a negative outlook on life. I believe that the writers didn’t choose to change the characters coincidentally. Maybe there’s a deeper meaning behind the suffering of the protagonist and antagonist themselves or merely for entertainment.

एकादेशमा नेपाल देशमा एउटा सानो पशुपति नामकाे गाउँँ थियो । त्यो गाउँका मानिसहरूले आउने सबै पर्यटकलाई राम्ररी स्वागत सत्कार गर्दथे । उचित सेवा सुविधा दिन्थे । त्यस गाउँमा धेरै शान्ति थियो र प्राकृतिक उपहारले पनि धनी थियो ।  

त्यही गाउँमा समा नामकी युवती आफ्नो बुबा र आमासँग बस्थिन् । उनको सपना भनेको भविष्यमा डाक्टर बन्नु थियो । उनी सानैदेखि राम्रो पढ्थिन् । पशुपति गाउँमा एउटा सानो विद्यालया थियो । विद्यालायमा राम्रा शिक्षक नहुनाले त्यहा पढ्नु र नपढ्नु उस्तै थियो । उसलाई थाहा थियो कि त्यस विद्यालयमा पढेर डाक्टर बन्नु असम्भव हो । तर ऊसँग अरू  विकल्प पनि थिएन । टाढा टाढासम्म पनि त्यहाँ कुनै अरू विद्यालय थिएनन् ।

एक दिन ऊ आफ्ना आमाबुबासँग १ घन्टा हिँडेर आफन्तको घर जान्छे। ऊ त्यहाँको गाउँ घुम्दा उसले टाढा एउटा पुस्तकालय देखी । त्यो पुस्तकालय देखेर समाको मनमा केही आशा उत्पन्न भयो । शनिबार पनि पुस्तकालय खुल्दाे रहेछ । त्यसपछि हरेक शनिबार छुट्टिको दिन ऊ पुस्तकालय गएर पुस्तकहरू पढ्न थाली । उसले एक हप्ताभित्र एउटा किताब पढिसक्थी । यसरी उसको पढाइ राम्रो हुन थाल्यो तर अझै डिग्रीको लागि समस्या थियो । गरिब परिवार हुनाले बाहिर गएर पढ्न पनि असम्भव थियाे ।

त्यसै बीचमा एक दिन गाउँमा एउटा संस्था आयो । त्यस संस्थाको मुख्य काम भनेको आधारभूत तहसम्म सबैलाई शिक्षा दिनु वा साक्षर बनाउनु थियाे । त्यस संस्थाले गाउँलेहरूसँग मिली काम गर्न थाल्यो । गाउँका जनप्रतिनिधिले त्यस संस्थालाई सहयाेग गर्न थाले । गाउँका केही पढेलेखेका विद्यार्थीले पनि त्यस कार्यक्रमलाई सघाउन थाले । त्यस संस्थाका स्वयंसेवकहरूले पढाउँदै गर्दा सामालाई अरू विद्यार्थीलाई अरूभन्दा भिन्न पाए। उनीहरूले सोधेका प्रश्नको उत्तर समाले सजिलै दिन्थी । त्यो देखेर उनीहरूले समाबारे साेधखाेज गरे । उसले पनि आफ्नाे लक्ष्य सुनाई । त्यसपश्चात् त्यो संस्थाले उसको पढाइ खर्च जुटाइदिने वाचा गर्यो ।

अब समाकाे दैनिकी फेरिन थाल्याे । उसले सहरको विद्यालयमा पढ्न थाली र हरेक पटक प्रथम हुन थाली । त्यसरी नै कडा परिश्रमपछि ऊ डाक्टर बनी । त्यसपछि उसको सपना पूरा भयो । उसले त्यसपछि विभिन्न संस्थाको सहायताले गाउँमा राम्रो प्राथमिक स्वास्थ्य चौकी बनाएर गाउँलेहरूलाई राम्रो सेवा दिन थाली । उसले गाउँमै बसेर आफ्नो गाउँलाई राम्राे स्वास्थ्य सुविधा दिन थाली । उनले धेरै असहाय र गरिब मानिसहरूको निःशुल्क उपाचार गरिन् । उनले गरेको योगदानले गाउँकाे रूप धेरै फेरियो । गाउँलेहरूले गाउँकाे नाम फेरिएकाे गाउँ राखे ।