Tarak Meheta ka Oolta Chasma also known as TMKOC. TMKOC is a comedy Hindi serial that telecasts on Sony Sab channel. The original writer of this show is Tarak Mehta. He wrote a book Duniya Ne Undha Chasma and later that book was translated to this show called Tarak Mehta ka Oolta Chasma He was born on December 26, 1929, Ahmedabad, India. And passed away on March 1, 2017, Ahmedabad, India. And some of the other writers of this show are Abbas Hirapurwala , Rajen Upadhyay, Raju Odedra, Niren Bhatt, Jitendra Parmar who helped this show come to reality. The directors of this show are Dharmesh Mehta, Dheeraj Palshetkar, Malav Suresh Rajda. 
The first episode of this show was released on July 28, 2008. There are a total of 3,182 episodes released till date. This show is about a society where people follow different religions and do different types of works that they do. There are writers, businesspersons, doctors, teachers, mechanical engineers, journalists, scientists, and shopkeepers. We can find great relationships between an individual. Almost 25 people are shown on a daily basis. Some of the famous characters of this show are Jethalal, Daya, Tappu, Champaklal who are also from the same family in reel life. The show usually shows the problematic life of Jethalal and his best friend who Jethalal also calls his Fire Brigade Tarak Mehta helps him solve his problems. Some of the famous things said by Jethalal are Dhobi, Nonsense, Chapli. Tappu and his friends are also known as Tappu Sena who have and are doing great works and also causing a lot of problems in the show.
Many people, including myself, are fans of this show. At the end of every episode gives us a great lesson which we can even practice in real life. Once the show even started a campaign rewarding people who clean their areas and send them pictures and they used to reward them. This show is filled with comedy, unity and friendship. They celebrate every festival with each other and call themselves family. Tappu Sena has even grown up in this channel as they started the show when they were in schools and now they are studying in colleges. Some of the old characters have also been replaced and many of this show's fans are not impressed by the acting skills of the new characters. The most famous character daya has left the show due to her pregnancy and after she left the show there have been lots of rumours why she hasn't come back to the show. Some people say that she is coming back soon, some even say that she will not. Many of the fans are also upset regarding the new episode and that the new episodes are not interesting and entertaining as the old ones.
This show has evolved a lot through the years. It is one of the longest running shows of India. The show has had many changes in the characters and the actors that have played the characters. Every character has their own traits and comic style. The show is so popular that the team has announced an animated version of it which will be telecasted soon. This is very good news for the fanbase of TMKOC.
 

नेपाल भौगोलिक, सांस्कृतिक र सामाजिक रूपले विविधतापूर्ण देश हो । नेपालमा सयभन्दा बढी जातजाति र भाषाभाषी विविध धर्मावलम्वी र संस्कृति रहेका छन् । नेपालमा भौगोलिक विविधतामा आधारित सांस्कृतिक र सामाजिक विविधिता पनि विद्यमान छन्  । यस्तो विविधतामा अनेकौँ सुन्दरता पनि लुकेको छ । 
हिमाल,पहाड र तराई क्षेत्रमा बसोबास गर्ने मानिसहरुको भाषा, धर्म, जीवनशैली र संस्कृति बेग़्ला बेग्लै हुन्छ । यसरी हरेक भाषा, धर्म, जीवनशैली, संस्कृति र रहनसहन फरक फरक भए पनि मानिसहरू एकआपसमा मिलीजुली बसाेबास गर्दै आइरहेका छन् । जुन  विविधतामा एकता नेपालीको पहिचान हो । 
नेपाल बहुभाषी, बहुधार्मिक  र बहुसांस्कृतिक देश भए पनि  यहा धर्म, जाति र संस्कृतिबिच शान्तिर सद्भाव  क़ायम नै  छ । हामी नेपालीहरूमा जात, धर्म, परम्परा, चाडका नाममा कुनै विभेद छैन । नेपालीहरूबिच सामाजिक सद्भावमा कायम नै छ ।
हामी एकअर्कालाई सम्मान गर्दछौँ । प्रत्येक नेपालीहरूबिच सामाजिक सद्भाव हनुपर्छ । सामाजिक सद्भावले आपसी सहयाेग, मित्रता र एकतामा बलियाे सम्बन्ध स्थापना गर्छ । यदि काेही कसैले सामाजिक सद्भावमा खलल पुराउन खाेज्याे भने विभिन्न हिंसा, विभेद र मतभेद देखा पर्छन् । परापूर्व कालदेखि चलिआएकाे सामाजिक सद्भाव हालसम्म पनि कायम नै छ र रहिरहने छ ।
 

IGP Summer School was on Electronics and it was mainly focused on girls. IGP is a young female physics enthusiast-led community having the vision to empower young girls in STEM and other tech-related fields with an opportunity to learn, connect and share. Their vision was to break the gender stereotype that exists in the field of STEAM and create a continuously growing community where females empower and support each other in their journey.  It was founded in 2020. Their main focus was to introduce and develop curiosity in the younger generation about the basics of electronics and make us able to create basic electronic projects. This summer was 10 days long. It was from 30th June to 9th July. Through this event, I learned about electronics and the basics of programming. I was very excited to participate in this event. There were more than 100 students from 11 different schools. All those students were from grades 8, 9, and 10. This entire event was held virtually due to this pandemic and this event helped participants invest their idle time to learn crucial knowledge in the field. This event was held from 6:00 pm to 8:00 pm and this event was held on zoom. We all were divided into different teams and I was on team Vegas. There were more than 10 teams. On day one it was the opening ceremony. And day two was orientation, from day 3 to day 7 we learned about programming. I learned how to use a tinker card. After that, we got 2 days break and in that break, we needed to make a group project related to electronics. On the last day, it was the closing ceremony and on the last day we gave our presentation and team Slytherin won the best project. In the event, we used to get a 20 minutes break and in that break, we went to our respective breakout rooms and played different kinds of games, quizzes, etc. I made many friends from that event and I had a lot of fun. Every day we used to get assignments. I learned many things about electronics. Every day I learned new things. From our school, there were more than 10 students and from my class, there were 3 students. I learned about circuits and different gates. I learned how to do work in a team/group. I understood the advantages of teamwork. At first, this was boring but day by day it was getting interesting. It was hard to understand things at first. Our teachers were very friendly. I learned many things from the lectures. Everyone was very friendly and helpful. After the class, we used to have fun conversations. At that time they used to sing and we used to give feedback and day by day they made the program fun. I made a lot of memories in IGP summer school, it was the experience of a lifetime.
 

साना वस्तीहरू विकास हुँदै ठुला सहरमा रुपान्तरण हुने प्रक्रिया नै सहरीकरण हो । विकास समय र आधुनिकतासँगै बढ्दै जान्छ । कुनै निश्चित समयबिचको परिवर्तन नै विकास हो । सहरीकरण पनि विकासको एक भाग हो । परिवर्तनशील समयसँगै धेरै कुरा परिवर्तन हुँदै छन् । करिब १० वर्षको अवधि अहिलेको तुलना गर्ने हो भने सहरीकरण धेरै बढ्दै गएको छ । 
सहरीकरणले हाम्रो जीवन सहज बनाउँछ । सहरीकरणमा मानिसले भौतिक सुविधा प्राप्त गर्दछन् । भौतिक रूपमा व्यवस्थित बसाइ  सहरीकरणमा हुन्छ । सहरीकरणले मानिसको दैनिकी परिवर्तन गरिदिन्छ । सहरीकरण भनेको निरन्तर विकासको प्रक्रिया भएको हुनाले मानिस दिनप्रतिदिन सुविधाभोगी  हुन्छ । सहरीकरणमा राम्रो शिक्षा, स्वास्थ्य ,रोजगारी जस्ता धेरै सुविधाहरू प्राप्त गर्न सक्दछौँ ।

सबै चीजहरूको सकारात्मक र नकारात्मक पक्ष हुन्छन् । सहरीकरणका पनि सकारात्मक नकारात्मक पक्षहरू छन् । सहरीकरणले मानिस अल्छी हुँदै गइरहेका छन्। सहरीकरणले धनी र गरिबबिच सामाजिक भेदभाव खडा गरेको  छ । वनजनङ्गल विनाश हुँदै गइरहेको छ । अव्यवस्थित  बसाइ र  प्रदूषण बढिरहेको छ । सहरको जनसङ्ख्या पनि बढ्दै गइरहेको छ । यति हुँदाहुँदै पनि हाम्रो जीवन सहरीकरणभन्दा टाढा भने हुन सक्दैन । 
 

The moonlight set a silver sheen across every surface of the valley and homestead which spread out between the low hills. Under that benevolent moon, one could mistake it for Eden on a silent night. Peaceful, calm and still. The sound of cattle lowing from the valley floor announced their presence. From a low hillside beside the creek, George surveyed this scene. He was far enough away now that he could not hear Lennie’s gentle snoring, announcing that he, too, was present in this valley.
It was the absence of this bear-like man, which now allowed George to weigh up his choices. He had to decide: stay, or go? A heavy sigh escaped him. A mournful cow called in the valley below. 
He had travelled many miles with Lennie. But here, frozen in the clean, white, innocent moonlight, George was torn. Sure, he had promised Lennie’s Aunt Clara that he would look after Lennie. But a promise and a kiss didn’t mean he was bound to Lennie, did it? He had gone on the lonely and tiring road to follow a dream: to find work, then find land, then set up a little place to farm. Yet it felt like sharing that dream with Lennie had made it thinner, harder to grasp, more transparent to the eye. Under the moon’s blind stare, George thought long and hard. If he left now – shoot! – Clara would never know otherwise.
But now, so far away from Clara, his heart had come to long for the company. He sought the
company and camaraderie of men and someone who he thought of as an equal. Lennie was not George’s equal. Not with a mind like his! Matter a’ fact’, George felt the emptiness in repeating the conversations about chasing the dream of the farm, over and over like a scratch in a gramophone recording. It wasn’t even Lennie’s dream. He just wanted them dang rabbits! How could George flourish in the hollow shade of Lennie’s oversized body, with that tiny mind? George felt as if he were drowning, with Lennie pulling him down, like a fishing line when it snagged real hard on a submerged log.
A cloud passed over the moon. George turned on his heel to look back to the homestead. Would his life be any different there tomorrow? Or on the next day? Or the day after that?
“Gosh Darn it!” he grizzled through gritted teeth. He kicked a sod of soil. Why shouldn’t he chase His dream? He knew that if he left now, Lennie would continue up the road tomorrow in search of him. The folk at the homestead would take pity on him. He could do the job of three men. Sure enough they’d take him in. And then what? George would be alone. More alone than when he was with Lennie. No responsibility, sure, but ain’t that freedom? he thought.
Suddenly, from the dark, “George. Whacha doing, George?” Lennie’s call, a few feet away. Geore caught like a coyote in headlights. “Whaddaya doing up here, ya big bear?! Why ain’t ya sleeping where' I left’ ya?” George was upset. Lennie knew it. He’d heard it often enough, lately. “I've seen you get up real quiet an’ all. An’ I followed you here. You ain’t aiming’ to lee’me, is ya George? George ……. Don’ le’ me live in no cave up here!” Desperation in his voice.
A pause. The moon looked on, waiting.
“No, I ain’t gonna leave you in no big ol’ cave. I was….. I was ….. Well, shoot! I was just coming upn’ here to see where we are going tomorrow’. Seeing’ the land, ‘n’ all, aforen’ we walk all that way for nothing.”
“Oh… Ok…” Lennie took a single step forward like a timid deer. “Cuz I fort’ you were a’ leavin’ me, George. An’ …… I didn't’ want’ you to leave’ me. Cuz you’s my friend', George”
“Your friend?” A longer pause. Then, resigned to his fate, “ Yep …. I guess I am your friend.”
That was it. The decision was made like a door being nailed closed. Friends.
George felt his dream quietly sneak away in the moonlight to sleep with the cows. He took a deep breath. “Nah, ya big old Coon dog! I ain’t leaving ya! Who’s gonna git ya them rabbits you wanna pet so bad?”
The big man smiled under the glowing moon.
They both ambled back to the campsite. To the depths of the valley.
Towards tomorrow’s dawn.
 

सुन्दर संसारमा सुन्दर मानव 
बसेर धर्तीमा सुनौलो सपना सजाउँदै ,
मनमा सुन्दर भावना सजाउँदै ,
आफ्नो लक्ष्यमा अगाडि बढिरहेका छौँ। 

कोही कर्ममा,कोही धर्ममा,कोही समाज सेवामा 
कोही सत्तामा,कोही भत्तामा कोही सत्यको खोजीमा
सबै व्यस्त छन् ; आआफ्नो आफ्नो धुनमा । 

म 
हर्ष र परिवर्तनको आशा बोकी
संसारलाई परिवर्तन गर्ने सास बोकी 
हिँड्दै गरेको छु 
थकाइ मारेको छैन 
भारी बिसाएको छैन। 

गर्ने छैन भेदभाव कसैलाई 
गर्ने छैन कुभलो कसैको। 
देखाउने छैन जात्रा सडकमा बसेर 
लागेको छु म गर्न पूरा सपना कम्मर कसेर 

पूरा  गर्ने छु मैले मेरा सपना, 
एकदिन त्यो समय आउने छ। 
म रमाउने छु,संसार नौलो हुने छ। 
त्यो नौलो संसारमा म मात्रै होइन 
हामी सबै रमाउने छौँ। 
 

A smile upon my lips that lay
Feeling grateful for what I gained
Not that I never lost a thing
But was satisfied, maybe that's god's will
I've been through the thicks and thin
Also have complained about the sins
The sins, I never committed but was blamed for
The cruel world was not what as a child I dreamt for
But, can we make it a little bit better? - I often ask myself
A handheld? an ear lend? might bring a change to a cry of help
A thought traded, a perspective presented and a compliment exchanged
A bit of appreciation... a bit of efforts might have someone saved
From a feeling of dread, from a situation in their head
Maybe I can help to find an escape...
Or provide a sense of security they had often longed
Make them feel they're loved by a simple action of dedicating a song
For someone was there when everything about me felt was wrong
Providing me peace..
When everything inside me was on a war
And so I try, try to back someone, elucidate reasons to live for...
Make them see the beauty of this world...
to taste the sweet and sour
Be their cause of smile,
if not for always maybe for a few hours…

मनुष्यको कर्तव्य हो गर्नुपर्छ; सेवा
सानो ठुलाे सेवाले नै पाइन्छ नि मेवा 
सेवा गर्नु मानिसकाे हाे नि ठुलाे कर्म 
सेवाभन्दा अरू ठुलाे केही छैन धर्म। 

सम्पत्ती कमाइ खुसी कसले पाएको छ ?
कमाएर सम्पत्ती कसले लएको छ ?
कति  हुनु सधैँभरि अरुप्रति अनुदार 
देखाउन सक्नुपर्छ ; आफ्नो  भावना उदार। 

हरायो सत्कार हराउँदै गयो उपकार   
हराउँदै गयो मानिसमा मानवता । 
किन हो मानिसमा बढ्दै गयो ; दानवता 
आफन्तमा पनि छैन सहयोगी भावना । 

सबैले आजैदेखि गराैँ उपकार, 
सेवा गर्ने अवसर फर्की फर्की आउँदैन । 
फैलाउ अमृतको ज्योति छैन अर्को धर्ती 
गाह्रो हुन्छ मान्न सबैलाई अरूको अर्ती  । 

बाडौँ दयामाया आजदेखि सबैलाई ,
सहयोग गरौँ सबैलाई छैन कोही पराइ। 
धर्मकाे अर्काे नाम छ भने, त्याे हाे उपकार 
उपकार ले नै ल्याउँछ जीवनमा नयाँ संसार। 
 

नेपालमा प्रचलित सामाजिक कुप्रथाहरू मध्येको एक हाे देउकी प्रथा । देउकी प्रथा खासगरी नेपालको सुदुर पश्चिमको सेती र महाकाली अञ्चलमा चलेको प्रथा हो । करिब ३०० बर्ष पहिले चलेको यो प्रथाको केन्द्र बैतडी जिल्लाको मेनौली देवीको मन्दिर रहेको छ । कसैलाई छोरा नभएमा, मुद्दा जित्नु परेमा वा आफ्नो मनोकाङ्क्षा पूरा गर्नु परेमा, कुनै भाकल पूरा गर्न आफ्नै छोरी वा गरिब परिवारकी अबोध बालिका किनेर देवी देवताको मन्दिरमा चढाउने गरिन्छ । यसरी मन्दिरमा चढाइएकी कन्या देउकी हुन् ।
अहिलेकाे २१ ‍औँ शताब्दीमा यो प्रथा निकै ठुलो विकृतिको रूपमा छ । यो प्रथा बालअधिकार विपरीत कार्य हो । हाल शिक्षाको विकास र चेतनामा भएको वृद्धिका कारण यो प्रथामा केही कमी आए पनि पुरै निर्मुल भने  हुन सकेको छैन । मन्दिरमा चढाइएका देउकीहरू बिहे गर्न उपयुक्त पनि मानिँदैनन् । देउकीले आफ्नो पुरै जीवन मन्दिरमै भगवान्लाई पूजा गर्दै बिताउनुपर्छ । देउकीले पढ्न लेख्न पनि पाउँदैनन् । आर्थिक श्रोत पनि राम्रो हुँदैन । देउकीहरूको जीविकोपार्जनको स्रोत मन्दिरमा चढाएको भेटी तथा सामाग्री हो तर यसले मात्र जीवन धान्न नसक्दा देउकीहरू देहब्यापार गर्न पनि बाध्य छन् । यसरी चढाइएका कन्याहरूको विवाह गर्न नहुने तर यौन सम्पर्क गर्न हुने अन्धविश्वास रहेको छ । यति मात्रै नभई, देउकीसँग शारीरिक सम्बन्ध राखे सबै पाप धुलिन्छ भन्ने अन्धविश्वास पनि छ । त्यस कारण देउकीहरू बलात्कारकाे शिकार हुन्छन् । जुन एकदमै निन्दनीय र महिलामाथि हुने आपराधिक कार्य हाे । 
अहिलेकाे २१ ‍औँ शताब्दीमा मानिसमा चेतना बढे पनि याे प्रथा पूर्ण रूपमा निर्मुल हुन नसक्नु भनेकाे मानिसले आफ्नाे साेचाइलाई परिवर्तन गर्न नसक्नु हाे । देवीदेवताका नाममा अन्धविश्वासलाई निरन्तरता दिनु भनेकाे  आफ्नाे खुट्टामा आफैँ बन्चराे हान्नु हाे। यसर्थ हामी सबै सचेत भई यस्ता  कुप्रथाहरूलाई जरैबाट उखेलेर फाल्नुपर्छ ।

 

It has already been two years that because of this pandemic all of us have been suffering a lot. Staying home is safe during this pandemic but as well as it is really boring too. It's been nearly 2 months since I have been in my home because of this pandemic. Before that it had been three months that I was going to school. In those 3 months  we had different programs, exams. I was having real fun in school but then suddenly everything was like before it was locked down. We have to say we had to stay in our homes and it has already been 2 months that there is no sign for school to be reopened. At first we didn't have online classes so my day was really boring. I just didn't have anything to do at all. Every single day was the same, like I just didn't have anything to do. I used to watch TV, play games, watch and make tik toks etc. I was sad to hear that grade 8 was conducted on an online platform and I did not want grade 9 to be online as well. I think online classes are really boring. After a few weeks our classes  started. I realised that I was already in grade 9. Our course had already begun so it was fun to read but yes I didn't want online classes. After online classes I was quite busy with my classes. We had 4 to 5 classes a day. After my online classes started I was rather working on my homeworks and my class was so it was not too difficult to be at home. Most of my time is occupied by online classes so my days are not going as boring as it was before. These online classes have helped most first search for learning. Online classes have kept many of us occupied and our time is being consumed in good works. During lockdown we have to make full use of it ,we can do many things we like staying in our home, we can be creative and spend time with our family. But still I hope this gets over soon and our schools reopen so that we can join physical classes and have on like we used to have two years before.  I hope we don't have to stay at home and suffer  from this pandemic longer. I hope all this pandemic comes to an end soon. 
 

On July 2nd 2021 we had a virtual tour on Google meet. All the students from grade 9 and 10 were present in the virtual tour. Anup sir, our mathematics teacher and Pravat sir, our science teacher were there. Anup sir presented his screen and technically it was not a virtual tour but we watched a documentary about metals. The documentary was really good. It was about one hour long but I didn’t get bored at all. I never knew that many things about metals. The documentary was very knowledgeable. I was surprised that metals had so many uses and importance. The documentary says that the metals  are the important treasures of earth. 

Without metals there would not be anything. Living in a modern society without metals would be really hard. Without metals there would not be buildings,vehicles,electricity etc. We learned about the different types of metals. Gold,Silver,Copper,Bronze etc are some common metals. Gold and Silver are very rare and expensive metals. It is said that ancient people valued gold before currency existed. Gold is usually used for making jewellery and other items like sculptures etc.

We learned that plastic trash can be changed into steel. Many researchers have found a way to turn trash into steel. What the documentary says is that the most basic steel is the alloy of iron and carbon and we can find carbon in plastics and people or researchers use different methods to make the carbon and iron bond. This means that we can take trash as an amazing possibility. 

We also learned about Aluminum. Aluminium is a very light metal. Aluminium is used in making many things like aeroplanes. Because of Aluminium the aeroplanes have been able to carry many people and things inside it. For example if we used steel to make an aeroplane instead of aluminium the aeroplane would  be so heavy that it would not be able to hold as much as people an aeroplane made from aluminium could hold. It would need more fuel to fly. I was really shocked and surprised when I found out about this. 

We learned so many facts about metals. We learned about an interesting type of metal which is called metal foam. Metal foam is a type of metal which can change its shape. This metal is more beneficial in space because you can actually change its shape. For example in space you can take the metal foam and use it as a wrench and the next day you could change its shape and use it as a hammer. But metal foam is not as effective on the earth surface as it is in space. It can change its shape but you cannot change its shape like you can do it in space.

The documentary finished around 4:30 pm. I really got to know so many things about metals. We all learned that metals are a very important matter. We all  learned about its types, its uses, its importance and other facts about metal. After the documentary finished Anup sir asked some of us to write an article about the virtual tour and our virtual tour ended at 4:35 pm.
 

मेरो वार्षिक परीक्षा सकिएपछि र मेरो बुबाले उपत्यका बाहिर कतै जाने विचार गर्नुभयो । हामी गाउँ नगएको धेरै भएकाे थियाे । हामी गाउँ जाने विचार गर्‍यौँ । हामी हाम्रो गाउँ गयौँ । गाउँमा हामी रमायाैँ । हामी गाउँ जाँदा सबै सामान्य थियो । जब हामी गाउँबाट सहर फर्किने बेला भयो तब लकडाउन सुरुभयाे । 
समय बित्दै गयो । कोरोनाको महामारी बढ्दै गयो ।  लकडाउन लम्बिदै गयो । एक महिना बित्यो । स्थिति असामान्य नै थियो । लकडाउन खोल्ने कुनै सङ्केत थिएन । तर म आफ्नै गतिमा रमाइरहेको थिए । त्यसैले मलाई लकडाउनको खासै मतलब भएन । केही दिनपछि मैले मेरो स्कुलबाट एक इमेल प्राप्त गरेँ । अब महामारीको कारण अनलाइन कक्षा सुरु हुने छ । करिब ८/९ महिना जति अनलाइन कक्षा चल्यो । स्थिति  अलि सामान्य भएपछि विद्यालय खुल्यो । चैत महिनाको अन्तिमबाट सुरु भएको विद्यालयको अन्तिम परीक्षा वैशाखको पहिलो हप्तामा सकियो । तर महानगरले लिने बि.एल.इ.परीक्षा भने महामारीका कारण हुन सकेन। 
समय पुरानै दोहोरियो वि.सं.२०७७ मा जस्तै  वि.सं.२०७८ मा पनि महामारीका कारण लकडाउन सुरु भयो र हाम्रो पठनपाठन पहिले जस्तै अनलाइन चलिरहेको छ । यसपटक भने हामी अनलाइन कक्षामा बानी परिसकेकाले खासै गाह्रो भएको छैन । सबै सामान्य नै लाग्दै छ । अहिले लकडाउन केही खुकुलो पनि भएको छ । कोरोना सङ्क्रमण केही कम भए पनि  महामारी हराएको छैन । यसकारण भिडभाड नगरौँ । स्वास्थ्य सावधानी अपनाएर दैनिकी चलाऔँ । स्वास्थ्यप्रति सबै सचेत बनौँ ।