Cybercrime refers to a criminal activity that involves a computer and a network. With the spread of the internet in the past few years, cybercrimes are increasing as well. Cybercrime can hurt one's security along with their financial health. As the technology used by criminals is constantly evolving, the efforts made by companies are often in vain. Technology has evolved to such an extent that human minds are using it to perform crimes without getting recognized. In a country like Nepal where the internet is reasonably new, the laws for cybercrimes are lenient. One can get a fine of two thousand rupees to five lakhs or imprisonment for 3 years depending on the crime. It is not that cybercrime is not prevalent in Nepal, it certainly is. In fact, there has been a measurable increase in cybercrimes in Nepal over the past few years.

Cybercrime not only includes hacking, but spamming, phishing, doxxing and much more. There are a number of hackers who offer their services and malicious software in the dark web. People can buy and use these services and malicious software from anywhere around the world with the help of VPN (Virtual Private Network). With this, one can hack another without getting their location revealed. VPNs are easily available on the internet for free and anyone can do such malicious activities. However, there are cyber bureaus that operate and punish such law breakers. Despite that,  people can get away with doing cyber crimes by paying such a small amount of money. It is about someone’s life they have publicized. Leaking someone’s private information or taking away someone’s wealth should have much harsher punishments. If you look at the United States of America, they have much harsher punishments for cybercrimes. Anyone convicted of cybercrime may face up to five years to twenty years in prison depending on the crime. Our country should implement such punishments in order to prevent cybercrimes. Perpetrators of cybercrime usually target aged people as they have less knowledge about the internet and web. Hence, people should be made aware of such cybercrimes and how to be safe from them.

There are many cybercrimes circulating around the world, phishing, identity theft, fraud and DDoS attacks being the most popular. I too have been a victim of such attacks. A few months back, I was in a game and one of the players from the other team crashed the server with a DDoS attack. There was nothing any player in the lobby could do other than leave the game. Such malicious attacks are usually done to take revenge or blackmail. In order to protect ourselves from such attacks, we need to use VPN and we should not share our passwords with others. We should not click on malicious links or visit malicious websites or even a random link. If someone manages to hack or put malicious software in our computer, we should immediately report it to the cyber bureau. As more people are on the internet, there is a high risk of people being a victim of cybercrimes. In conclusion, our country must implement harsh punishments on the lawbreakers. 
 

इन्टरनेट, मोबाइल फोन, टेलिभिजन, कम्प्युटरलगायत अन्य थुप्रै सामग्रीको समावेशलाई हामी प्रविधि भन्छौँ । जसकाे सकारात्मक प्रयाेगले मानव जीवनलाई सहजताकाे अनुभूति प्रदान गरेकाे हुन्छ । प्रविधिले ज्ञान र सूचनाको विस्तृत र तत्काल जानकारी प्रदान गरेको तथ्यलाई पनि हामी नकार्न सक्दैनौँ । यसलाई राम्रो तथा जीवन सारथीका रूपमा लिएर हेर्ने हो भने प्रविधिबाट हामीले साँच्चै नै धेरै फाइदा पाइरहेका छौँ तर यसले हामीलाई कति अल्छी र एकाेहाेराे बनाइरहेको छ भनेर हामीले कहिल्यै सोचेका छौँ त ? भनिन्छ कि, प्रविधिले यन्त्रहरूमा निर्भरता सिर्जना गरेर हाम्रो संसारलाई एउटा सानो कोठा जस्तै साँघुरो बनाउँछ । थुप्रै सामाजिक सञ्जालमार्फत मन र मस्तिष्कलाई विचलित पारेर हाम्रो सिर्जनात्मक क्षमताहरूलाई कमजोर बनाउँदै जान्छ । म विश्वास गर्छु कि, हामी मध्ये धेरैले याद गरेका छौँ कि, हाम्रो विश्लेषणात्मक सिप आजका दिनहरूमा घट्दै आएको छ । यो किन होला त ? किनभने धेरै जसो प्रश्नका उत्तरहरू पहिले नै इन्टरनेटमा विस्तृत रूपमा उल्लेख गरिएका छन् । हामी आफूलाई ती उत्तरहरूको पर्यायवाची शब्दहरू प्रयोग गरेर केही शब्दहरू परिवर्तन गरेर जवाफहरू प्रतिलिपी गर्नबाट रोक्न सक्दैनौँ । 
प्रविधिको अत्याधिक प्रयोगका कारण मानिसहरूले एप र वेबसाइटहरू यति धेरै प्रयोग गर्न थालेका छन् कि केही मिनेटकाे खाली समय हास् वा काम नै गरिरहेको बेला भए पनि तिनीहरूले आफ्नो मोबाइल फोन वा कम्प्युटरको प्रयोग गरी नै राख्छन् । यसले हाम्रो रचनात्मक क्षमतालाई नास गरिरहेको छ र हाम्रो सिपहरू लोप हुँदै गैरहेको छ । आजकाे डिजिटल मिडियाले हाम्रो ध्यान जताततै छरिदिएको छ र हामी केवल एउटै गतिविधिमा ध्यान केन्द्रित गर्न नसक्ने भएका छौँ । हाम्रो मानव मस्तिष्क वास्तवमा थुप्रै कुरासँगै गर्न मिल्ने गरी बनेको छैन तर हामी जतिबेला पनि बहुकार्य गर्न खाेज्छाैँ । के तपाईं हामी सबैले याद गरेका छाैँ ?  जब हामी आफ्नाे गृहकार्य गर्न वा केही अध्ययन गर्न बस्छौँ तब हामी त्यसमा पूर्णतया केन्द्रित हुन सक्दैनौँ । यो किन भएको हो भने हाम्राे दिमाग हाम्रा साथीहरूले पठाएका सूचना वा हामीले केही मिनेटअघि इन्टरनेटमा फेला पारेको समाचारमा जान्छ । हामी भन्छौँ कि इन्टरनेट र प्रविधिले हाम्रो विशाल संसारलाई एउटा टेबलकाे संसारमा परिणत गरेको छ। एउटा काेठामा ल्याएर थन्क्याएकाे छ ।  तर, के तपाईंले कहिल्यै सोच्नुभएको छ कि सानो काेठा वास्तवमा राम्रो छ कि छैन ?  हामी आजको दिनमा प्रविधिसँग जोडिरहेका छौं तर मान्छेसँग होइन, समाजसँग हाेइन, परिवारसँग हाेइन । हाम्रो सामाजिक जीवनमा सकारात्मक परिवर्तन ल्याउन र मान्छेसँग चिनजान बढाउनुको सट्टा यसले हाम्रो संसारलाई एउटा सानो कोठामा कैद हुन बाध्य बनाएको छ ।
हामी प्रविधिको प्रयोगमा यति डुबेका छौँ कि हामी हाम्रो सामाजिक जीवनमा कति तल छौँ भन्ने कुराको वास्ता गर्दैनौँ । जिउँदाको जन्ती र मर्दाको मलामी भनेर मानिने छिमेकीलाई समेत हामीले चिनेका छैनौँ र चिन्न छाेड्दै छाैँ । हामीले बिर्सेका छौँ कि वास्तविक जीवनमा हामीसँग अन्तरक्रिया गर्ने व्यक्तिहरू पनि हुन्छन् । प्रविधिको प्रयोग गरेर हामी वास्तवमै उन्नत हुँदैछौँ कि अन्य व्यक्तिहरूले घाेडाकाे लगाम जस्तै गरी बनाएका निर्धारित मार्गलाई नसोचिकन पछ्याउँदै छौं ? मोबाइल फोनबाट पठाइएको घण्टीलाई प्रतिरोध गर्न सक्ने मानिसहरू कम नै हुन्छन् । यो हाम्रो लागि लत बन्न पुगेको छ । प्रविधि हामी मान्छेको लागि एक लागुपदार्थको काम गर्दै छ । यसले हामीलाई अघि बढ्न धेरै गाह्रो बनाउँदै छ । पहिले मानिसहरूले आफ्नो दिमागमा नै जटिल समस्याको समाधान गर्थे । त्यो एकदमै उत्कृष्ट थियो तर अहिले भने हामीले क्याल्कुलेटरहरूको यति धेरै प्रयोग गर्न थालेका छौँ कि हामीले ६ मा ६ जोड्दा के वास्तवमा नै १२ आउँछ भनेर खोज्नुपर्छ अर्थात् आत्मविश्वास हराउँदै गएकाे छ । हामीलाई हे गुगल  ! यस प्रश्नको उत्तर भन भन्न धेरै सजिलो लाग्छ तर यो प्रश्नको सही जवाफ लेख्न वास्तवमा ठुलो सोच्ने र व्याख्या गर्ने सिप चाहिन्छ जुन सिप प्रविधिले प्रस्फुटन हुन दिएको छैन ।
अतः हामी एक सचेत नागरिक भएकाले के राम्राे के नराम्राे सही तरिकाले मल्याङ्कन गरी आजकाे प्रविधिसँग जाेडिनु अत्यावश्यक हुन्छ । हामीले हामीलाई मात्र नसाेची भावी पिँढीलाई पनि कस्ताे प्रभाव पर्छ र पार्छ भन्ने कुराकाे हेक्का राखी समुचित ढङ्गले प्रविधिकाे प्रयाेग गर्नुपर्छ ।

‘भेदभाव विहीन’ 
किन हुन्छ यस्ताे ? के कारणले हुन्छ,
राताे रगत उस्तै नसामा बग्नेहरूविच भेदभाव ?
भन्छन् नेपाललाई भेदभाव विहीन देश

तर,साँच्चै कस्ताे हाे याे देश ?
पुर्खाकाे पालादेखि नै 
विभाजन छ जात ठुलाे सानाे भनी 
मिल्छ भन्न ? यस्ताे देशलाई भेदभाव विहीन ?

धर्ममा,कर्ममा विभेद गरी मर्ममा चाेट 
र, भेषभूषा,भूगाेल अनि वर्णमा खाेट
सबै हामी नेपाली भन्ने बिर्सदा
भाइभाइकाे सम्बन्ध छुट्दा सदा

नदुखाेस् कसैकाे मन भेदभावमा पर्दा
एकताले बन्छ देश हातेमालाे गर्दा
मानिस सबमा बग्छ रातै,ताताे रगत
भेदभाव विहीन बनाऔँ याे सारा जगत 

Once upon a time there was a poor family and they used to live in a small cottage which used to leak during the monsoon. The family consisted of a mother, father and their 10 year old child. Despite being poor they were a happy family. The father used to work extremely hard so they could leave the small cottage behind and live in a house which did not leak in the monsoon. Fortunately, after some time they found a house in the middle of the woods. It was old and abandoned. They moved in as soon as possible, just being away from a leaking house seemed to make them happy. They were happy for a while in the house until one day the father heard a few people talking about how the house was haunted and how people claimed to hear a girl crying for help. Many people also warned them not to stay there and move out as soon as possible. However they preferred living there rather than in a leaky house.

Curious, the mother asked around and found out that the house was owned by a rich family. A happy family which also consisted of 3 family members, a mother, father and their 10 year old child. The father was a successful businessperson and the mother was a very famous and successful model so they never had a problem with money. But they really didn't have time for their daughter and they always used to hire a babysitter and go out. The poor daughter never got any attention from any of her parents. As time went on the father’s business started declining. He was so frustrated by seeing his business going in a  loss that he started to drink and eventually became an alcoholic. His wife did not take up many jobs to help her husband and she always tried to stop him from drinking but he didn't listen to his wife and started drinking even more. But it was all in vain. Nothing worked. The father’s frustration became so unbearable that he started to become abusive; he began hitting his wife.

After seeing how abusive her husband had become, the wife decided that he had no future now and divorced him. The divorce made him more furious. The wife was still young and beautiful so she thought that she would marry another man and start fresh, hence she didn't bother taking their daughter with her and left her with his alcoholic father. Now that the wife had gone he started to beat his daughter. The daughter was innocent and didn't know what to do so she started to hide from her father. One day the father was so drunk that he grabbed a knife and stabbed his daughter in a fit of rage just because the daughter said that she missed her mother. The father cooled down but realized what he had done and ran away. The innocent girl’s soul was never at peace for she missed her mother and she was a victim of her father’s undeserved rage and she cried every night……

The story startled the mother but they were determined to live there and hoped to make peace with the girl’s soul. 
 

Raising children is not an easy thing, although it may seem like it to some people. What does it mean to raise children or to become a parent? It requires time, care, engagement, love, support and understanding situations, how the child will react to a type of behavior. The process of taking care of one from birth to self-dependent adulthood. Raising one can cause them to be like you if you’re viewed as a role model. Fixing your bad habits and traits before becoming a parent will cause the child to be better. Also, what should be kept in mind is that the child is an individual human being too. Usually, parents forget this and realize later on. Time you give the child is going to affect them a lot. If you were absent all their childhood and try to communicate when they’re older it will not work. Parenting is defined as the process of raising children by supporting their physical, emotional, social, moral and intellectual development from infancy to adulthood. If you, as a parent, have no time for your child and do not try to make some whatsoever, I’m sorry but that can not be called parenting. It’s okay if you’re too busy with work but weekends exist. Spending time with your child should not be considered something that makes you tired, it makes it sound like a burden.

When you become a parent the number of responsibilities you have as a person increases. First, what most people don’t consider is their mental health before becoming a parent. Your mental health, if it is bad then the child will get affected by it even without you realizing it. The first and foremost movement for being a good parent is to make sure your mental health is alright before deciding to give birth. Then, if you are financially able or not. For example; the monetary needs have increased because of the child and you did not think of it before. The causes :
1. The child grows up in a bad environment filled with constant quarrels about money.
2. Never asking for gifts because of the cost.
3.They will try to avoid everything related to family.
4. Develop anger issues.

These things mentioned above will cause the child and parent relationship to grow distant. Let’s say you did everything right before giving birth to the child. Even after that, there are a lot of things to keep in mind while they are developing. Bad parenting can cause mental health issues. After becoming a parent and giving birth, first of all understand that the child’s life is not anything you are allowed to control, for example their job when they grow up. Planning their life before they are even born or start having interests. You are allowed to have expectations but do not mention it to them or force them into it. Let them do what they want. You will be gone when they become a proper adult. They will have to live decades after you leave, even though it is hard to process. Parents have to realize that the trauma caused to their children will definitely reflect on their adult lives and ultimately their relationship with their partners and the parents themselves. Besides providing basic necessities parents also must provide a loving and a safe environment for their child.
 

आखिर कमजोर को ?
लागु पदार्थमा लाग्ने छोरा कि । 
आफ्नो छोरालाई राम्ररी हेरचाह गर्न नसक्ने आमा ,   
लागु पदार्थको राम्रो शिक्षा दिन नसक्ने विद्यालय ,

आखिर कमजोर को ?
आफ्नो उज्ज्वल भविष्य बिगार्ने बच्चा कि ? 
आफ्नो बच्चालाई उज्ज्वल भविष्य देखाइदिने बुबा ?  
आफ्नो विद्यार्थीलाई उज्ज्वल भविष्यको बाटो देखाइदिने शिक्षक ?

आखिर कमजोर को ?
आफ्नो साथीमाथि विश्वास गर्ने मित्र कि ?
पछाडिबाट छुरा हान्ने साथी  
या मानिएकाे वा  ठानिएकाे  मित्रता ?

आखिर कमजोर  को ?
आफ्नो प्रेमिकालाई ज्यानभन्दा प्यारो मान्ने प्रेमी कि ?  
धन सम्पत्तिको पछाडि लाग्ने प्रेमिका ? 
या उनीहरूको प्रेम सम्बन्ध ?

आखिर कमजोर को ?
परस्त्रीसँग लाग्ने श्रीमान् कि ? 
आफ्नो श्रीमानमाथि विश्वास गर्ने श्रीमती कि ? 
या उनीहरूको वैवाहिक सम्बन्ध ?
आखिर कमजाेर को ?

हामी सबैले गिजाको पिरामिडहरूका बारेमा सुनेका छौं तर यी रहस्यमय ढुङ्गा त्रिकोणहरूका निर्माण गरे ? 
इजिप्ट देशमा लगभग ८० पिरामिडहरू छन् तर यी पिरामिडहरू बनाइए किन ? पुरातन इजिप्टियनहरू पहिलो व्यक्तिहरू थिए जसले मृत्युपछिको जीवनना विश्वास गर्थे । उनीहरुका अनुसार कसैको मृत्यु भएपछि उनीहरूको आत्मा अक्षुण्ण रहन्थ्यो । उनीहरूको यही विश्वासअनुसार उनीहरूले राजाका भौतिक शरीरलाई सेतो कपडामा बाँधेर यी पिरामिडहरू भित्र राख्थे । यो प्रक्रियालाई ममिफिकेशन प्रक्रिया भनिन्थ्यो र इजिप्टियनहरूका अनुसार ममिफिकेशन प्रक्रियाले फिरउन(राजा)को मृत्युपछि तिनीहरूको आत्मालाई जोगाउने उद्देश्य पूरा गर्थ्यो । फिरउनलाई ममिफाई गर्दा सुनका गहना, भाँडाकुँडा, खानेकुरा आदिसहित कफिन(चिहान)मा राखिन्थ्यो । यदि फिरउनले पाप गरेको थियो भने त्यो फिरउनको चिहान खोल्ने मानिसलाई अशुभ संकेत लाग्थ्यो भन्ने पहिले विश्वास थियो । यो केही हदसम्म सत्य साबित पनि भयो । जब हावर्ड कार्टरले टुतानखामुनको चिहान उत्खनन गरे र उनको टोलीका सबै सदस्यहरू बिस्तारै एक पछि एक गर्दै मर्न थाले । तर वास्तवमा यी श्रापित पिरामिडहरू कसले बनाए ? पिरामिडहरू कसले वा कसरी बनाए भनेर हामीलाई बताउन कोही पनि बाँचेनन् र यस कारणले गर्दा यी अनगिन्ती षडयन्त्रहरूको विषय हो । षड्यन्त्रका पक्षपातिहरूले सुझाव दिन्छन् कि एलियन्स वा एक्स्ट्राटेरेस्ट्रियल जीवनले यी पिरामिडहरू बनाएका हुन् । पिरामिडमा रहेको सटीकताको हेर्दा खेरी ५००० वर्ष अगाडि जम्मा हथौडा र छेनीले त बनाएको होइन जस्तो देखिन्छ भन्ने उनीहरूको भनाइ छ । एउटा पिरामिड बनाउन करिब २ करोड ढुङ्गाहरू लागेका अनुमान गरेका थिए तर इजिप्टमा धेरै ढुङ्गाहरू भएकाले एलियन्स वा एक्स्ट्राटेरिअल जीवनले यस्ता रहस्यमय चीजहरू बनाएको हो भन्न सम्भवतः छैन । कोही भन्छन् कि पिरामिडहरू लाखौं दासहरूले बनाएका थिए । तर हालैका अध्ययनहरूले देखाउँछन् कि पिरामिडहरू दक्ष कामदारहरूले बनाएका थिए । पिरामिडहरूको भित्र राजाको सट्टा अरू चिहानहरू पनि छन् र यी चिहानहरू अनुमान लगाउँदा निर्माणकर्ताहरूनै चिहानहरू हुन् भनिन्छ । यदि निर्माणकर्ताहरू दास भएका भए उनीहरूले यस्तो चिहान पाउने थिएनन् । पिरामिडको भित्री भाग चुनढुङ्गाले बनेको थियो तर बाहिरी भाग ग्रेनाइटले बनेको थियो । मानव सभ्यतादेखि समतल मरुभूमिसम्म मानिसहरूले यी ढुङ्गाहरू बोकेर पिरामिड बनाएका भनेर विश्वास हुँदैन । यी ढुङ्गाहरू सार्नको लागि कुनै प्रकारको यातायातको माध्यम त हुनै पर्थ्याे । कसैले भन्छन् ढुङ्गा बोक्न वाहन बनाएर मरुभूमिबाट चलाइएको थियो । कोही भन्छन् नहर बनाएर नाइल नदीको पानीबाट ढुङ्गाहरू पार गरेको थियो । तर उनीहरूले पिरामिडको ढुङ्गाहरूको आकारलाई वर्ग कसरी बनाए ? धेरैले भन्छन् की पिरामिडलाई यस्तो आकारमा ल्याउन मानिसहरूले ठूला चट्टानहरूलाई साना ढुङ्गाहरूले हाने । पिरामिडको ढलान बनाउन कामदारहरूले र्‍याम्पहरू प्रयोग गरेको कुनै अपुरो पिरामिडहरूमा पनि देख्न सकिन्छ । पिरामिड हजारौँ वर्षअगाडि बनेकै कारणले यिनीहरूको रङ्ग हराएर खैरो भएको हाे ।सर्वप्रथम पिरामिड बनाउँदा त्यसको रङ्ग सेतो थियो र त्यो सेतो रङ्गले घामको प्रकाश प्रतिबिम्बित गर्थ्याे । यदि हामी त्यो युगमा जन्मेका भए हामीले सूर्यको किरणहरू प्रतिबिम्बित भएको रमणीय दृश्य हेर्न पाउथ्यौँ । त्यो रमणीय दृश्य हेर्न नपाए पनि हामी अझै पनि यी पिरामिडहरू घुम्न र तिनीहरूको भित्र जान सक्छौँ । पिरामिड कसरी बनाइयो भन्नेबारे अझै धेरै अन्य षड्यन्त्रहरू छन् । षड्यन्त्रहरू जे भए पनि यी पिरामिडहरू हामीले हाम्रो जीवनकालमा देख्न सक्ने सबैभन्दा सुन्दर चीजहरू मध्ये एक हुन् ।

सन्दर्भ:

How Were the Pyramids Built? - YouTube
We May Finally Know How the Pyramids Were Built | Travel and Exploration | Discovery
How did the Egyptians build the pyramids? | Britannica

Sex, sexual or sexuality education is teaching about body development, sexuality, reproduction, sexual intercourse, and sexual health of an individual. The sex education curriculum in Nepal starts from grade 6 however in an extremely vague manner. The course taught in grade 6 is supposed to be vivid with strong points about sex education however from the beginning its concept gets shortened and shallow. This has resulted in creating different misconceptions and myths about sex education in Nepal. Our society has also played a great role in this part. It has portrayed sex education in such a narrow way that from generation to generation we have learned that it is not a topic to be openly discussed.

Providing sex education in Nepal is extremely difficult as it is directly associated with teachers’ or students’ embarrassment, lack of knowledge, and teaching skills. And there is no doubt that due to access to the internet, teenagers are often misguided about it. Although teenagers have more knowledge about sex education through the internet rather than the school and their parents. It is better to know about such concepts through professionals in schools rather than on the internet which can affect teenagers' point of view about sex education in a negative way as not everything on the internet is valid.
In an Asian country like Nepal, although in Comprehensive Sexuality Curriculum (a curriculum based on teaching and learning about physical, emotional, and social aspects of sexuality), concepts about menstruation, sexual intercourse, and contraception are taught, it doesn’t cover all the things sex education actually talks about. Since in Nepal, teenagers are not guided and taught about gays, lesbians, bisexuals, transgenders, intersex, and even asexual people, teenagers have grown to dislike people with different gender identities. These things also fall under sex education and it is important to make people understand because many LGBTQ+ people suffer through bullies due to improper education and lack of awareness. These terms are added in the new and revised curriculum of HPE in grade 7 however not in sufficient amounts. Though homosexuality was legalized in Nepal a long time ago, it is still not accepted by society at all.    
To improve the sex education curriculum in Nepal, I suggest age-appropriate sex education be provided to the children. Yes, sex education is to be taught to the students, however, there are limitations that need to be considered according to the age of the child. For example: from grades 1 - 3 students must be taught about safe and unsafe touch as the concept of good touch and bad touch is outdated. The young might suffer through harassment at a young age. Also, students from grades 6 to 8 must be taught about positive body image and the influence of the media on them. Teenagers especially from age 12 - 18 face insecurities about their bodies due to the impact of the media and even harm themselves. Making them feel positive about their body, also falls under sex education. And, students from grades 9 - 12 must be taught where to go to access health services regarding sexually transmitted diseases because although the students are taught about the causes, effects, and treatment methods regarding different STDS, they are not aware of where to go for checkups. They should also be taught about gender respect, consent, sexual orientation, gender identity, contraception, puberty, and relationships. In addition, clear information about serious topics like marital rape, sexual assault, harassment, etc must be provided to the children after they are mature enough to understand. 
Sex, sexual or sexuality education is teaching about body development, sexuality, reproduction, sexual intercourse, and sexual health of an individual. The sex education curriculum in Nepal starts from grade 6 however in an extremely vague manner. The course taught in grade 6 is supposed to be vivid with strong points about sex education however from the beginning its concept gets shortened and shallow. This has resulted in creating different misconceptions and myths about sex education in Nepal. Our society has also played a great role in this part. It has portrayed sex education in such a narrow way that from generation to generation we have learned that it is not a topic to be openly discussed.

Providing sex education in Nepal is extremely difficult as it is directly associated with teachers’ or students’ embarrassment, lack of knowledge, and teaching skills. And there is no doubt that due to access to the internet, teenagers are often misguided about it. Although teenagers have more knowledge about sex education through the internet rather than the school and their parents. It is better to know about such concepts through professionals in schools rather than on the internet which can affect teenagers' point of view about sex education in a negative way as not everything on the internet is valid.
In an Asian country like Nepal, although in Comprehensive Sexuality Curriculum (a curriculum based on teaching and learning about physical, emotional, and social aspects of sexuality), concepts about menstruation, sexual intercourse, and contraception are taught, it doesn’t cover all the things sex education actually talks about. Since in Nepal, teenagers are not guided and taught about gays, lesbians, bisexuals, transgenders, intersex, and even asexual people, teenagers have grown to dislike people with different gender identities. These things also fall under sex education and it is important to make people understand because many LGBTQ+ people suffer through bullies due to improper education and lack of awareness. These terms are added in the new and revised curriculum of HPE in grade 7 however not in sufficient amounts. Though homosexuality was legalized in Nepal a long time ago, it is still not accepted by society at all.    
To improve the sex education curriculum in Nepal, I suggest age-appropriate sex education be provided to the children. Yes, sex education is to be taught to the students, however, there are limitations that need to be considered according to the age of the child. For example: from grades 1 - 3 students must be taught about safe and unsafe touch as the concept of good touch and bad touch is outdated. The young might suffer through harassment at a young age. Also, students from grades 6 to 8 must be taught about positive body image and the influence of the media on them. Teenagers especially from age 12 - 18 face insecurities about their bodies due to the impact of the media and even harm themselves. Making them feel positive about their body, also falls under sex education. And, students from grades 9 - 12 must be taught where to go to access health services regarding sexually transmitted diseases because although the students are taught about the causes, effects, and treatment methods regarding different STDS, they are not aware of where to go for checkups. They should also be taught about gender respect, consent, sexual orientation, gender identity, contraception, puberty, and relationships. In addition, clear information about serious topics like marital rape, sexual assault, harassment, etc must be provided to the children after they are mature enough to understand. 
Sex, sexual or sexuality education is teaching about body development, sexuality, reproduction, sexual intercourse, and sexual health of an individual. The sex education curriculum in Nepal starts from grade 6 however in an extremely vague manner. The course taught in grade 6 is supposed to be vivid with strong points about sex education however from the beginning its concept gets shortened and shallow. This has resulted in creating different misconceptions and myths about sex education in Nepal. Our society has also played a great role in this part. It has portrayed sex education in such a narrow way that from generation to generation we have learned that it is not a topic to be openly discussed.

Providing sex education in Nepal is extremely difficult as it is directly associated with teachers’ or students’ embarrassment, lack of knowledge, and teaching skills. And there is no doubt that due to access to the internet, teenagers are often misguided about it. Although teenagers have more knowledge about sex education through the internet rather than the school and their parents. It is better to know about such concepts through professionals in schools rather than on the internet which can affect teenagers' point of view about sex education in a negative way as not everything on the internet is valid.
In an Asian country like Nepal, although in Comprehensive Sexuality Curriculum (a curriculum based on teaching and learning about physical, emotional, and social aspects of sexuality), concepts about menstruation, sexual intercourse, and contraception are taught, it doesn’t cover all the things sex education actually talks about. Since in Nepal, teenagers are not guided and taught about gays, lesbians, bisexuals, transgenders, intersex, and even asexual people, teenagers have grown to dislike people with different gender identities. These things also fall under sex education and it is important to make people understand because many LGBTQ+ people suffer through bullies due to improper education and lack of awareness. These terms are added in the new and revised curriculum of HPE in grade 7 however not in sufficient amounts. Though homosexuality was legalized in Nepal a long time ago, it is still not accepted by society at all.    
To improve the sex education curriculum in Nepal, I suggest age-appropriate sex education be provided to the children. Yes, sex education is to be taught to the students, however, there are limitations that need to be considered according to the age of the child. For example: from grades 1 - 3 students must be taught about safe and unsafe touch as the concept of good touch and bad touch is outdated. The young might suffer through harassment at a young age. Also, students from grades 6 to 8 must be taught about positive body image and the influence of the media on them. Teenagers especially from age 12 - 18 face insecurities about their bodies due to the impact of the media and even harm themselves. Making them feel positive about their body, also falls under sex education. And, students from grades 9 - 12 must be taught where to go to access health services regarding sexually transmitted diseases because although the students are taught about the causes, effects, and treatment methods regarding different STDS, they are not aware of where to go for checkups. They should also be taught about gender respect, consent, sexual orientation, gender identity, contraception, puberty, and relationships. In addition, clear information about serious topics like marital rape, sexual assault, harassment, etc must be provided to the children after they are mature enough to understand. 
 

Today, I woke up to my mom screaming at me to get up and get dressed. I hesitantly woke up. My eyes were still not ready to fully open. My body did not want to leave the comfort of my bed. I went to the bathroom. Stared at myself for 10 minutes in the mirror and zoned out. Until my mom again screamed at me knocking at the bathroom door to hurry up. I hurriedly washed up and went to eat breakfast. I almost had the same breakfast every morning. A bowl of milk with biscuits. I didn’t like tea or coffee so I always drank milk. Then I went to get dressed. My mom had already picked out the outfit I was going to wear. It was a white dress with flower designs and a white headband paired with the white sandals I had bought the other day. My mom rubbed some sunscreen on my face. I looked at my dream diary. The first page had my information. My name, age: 7 and year: 2014. I was about to write about the dream I had last night but my mom snatched my diary and put it on the bed side table. She held my hand and walked me to the bus stop.

On the way to the bus stop, I felt really pretty in my white dress, white headband and my new sandals. I also had a pearl necklace on and a bracelet.

We finally reached the bus stop. Even though we weren’t really looking for a bus. We were looking to ride a blue micro. We were heading over to my relatives for my baby cousin’s rice feeding. My mom always used to take me wherever she went. So, my father couldn’t scream at her since she took me with her.

When we reached the bus stop, there was no place for us to sit. All the seats were packed. I looked up at my mom, she was looking left and right getting ready to wave her hand at a blue micro and stop the vehicle so we could get on it.

I was leaning against a pole, tired from standing. After 5 minutes had passed, finally we saw a blue micro in the distance. As it came closer, we both had disappointment in our faces. The blue micro was so packed even the conductor was struggling to hang onto the vehicle. Yet the conductor was inviting us into the vehicle saying there was space for us. My mom waved her hand, telling the conductor to move on. And that we will not be going on that vehicle.

That was a relief. We waited for another blue micro. It was around 7:30 in the morning. We waited for another 10 minutes. I was getting tired of waiting. I asked my mother how much longer we had to wait. She asked me to just be quiet and have patience. The thoughts that ran into my mind when she said that was, “What does she mean? Does she think I’m not patient? Am I not patient? When will this stupid blue micro arrive? When will this wait end?”.

As we were waiting at that bus stop, we both had the same thing, the same regret on our minds. It was, “We should have gone in that packed blue micro even though we had to squeeze in with at least 20 people”. The blue micro is not that big.

Another 10 minutes go by. But the blue micro just does not arrive. At that moment I just wanted to return home. Our home was not that far from the bus stop. I was really tired from standing. I started imagining the blue micro finally arriving and me and my mom getting into that blue micro and going to my cousin’s and eating yummy food there.

I started getting frustrated when another 10 minutes went by. I asked my mom if we could just get into a taxi. She replied saying a taxi is too expensive. But I kept asking my mom to just get a taxi. But she kept ignoring me. I was now hungry and tired and frustrated. I was also really mad at all the blue micros in the world at the time. I saw every single vehicle except a blue micro.

After a while, I saw a mini car go by that looked like a toy. Looking at that car made me really angry. I thought to myself, “I can see buses, taxis, other cars, and even this vehicle that looks like a toy but I can’t see a damn blue micro!”. There was a small stand near us. It was selling roti and eggs. I started salivating the second I saw that man make that roti with egg. My stomach started rumbling. I started screaming at my mother, frustrated that I was really hungry. At the time, all that was going on in my head was, “WHEN IS THIS DAMN STUPID MICRO GOING TO ARRIVE? ARE ALL THE BLUE MICROS IN THE WORLD ON REPAIR RIGHT NOW?”. I started cursing at all the blue micro’s in the world.

Finally in the distance came a small vehicle which was blue in color and it didn’t look that full. This time even I raised my hand with my mother waving at the blue micro to stop. And after an hour of waiting, we finally rode that blue micro to go to my cousin’s home. At the time I felt as relieved as winning a running race. 
 

समय व्यवस्थापन भनेको हाम्रो समयलाई उचित विभाजन गर्ने प्रक्रिया हो । जसले गर्दा हामी हाम्रा  लक्ष्यहरू प्राप्त गर्न सकाैँ । हामीलाई के गर्न आवश्यक छ त्यो गर्नुपर्छ । हामीले छोटो समयमा धेरै कामहरू गर्न सक्षम हुनुपर्छ । समय अनुकूल वा प्रतिकूल जे भए पनि। उच्च उपलब्धि हासिल गर्नेहरूले आफ्नो समय धेरै कुशलतापूर्वक प्रयोग गरेका हुन्छन् । हामी समय बितेको पनि थाहा पाउँदैनाैँ । मलाई लाग्छ आफ्ना  कामहरूलाई प्राथमिकताका आधारमा प्रयोग गर्नु महत्त्वपूर्ण हुन्छ । समयको सही सदुपयोग गर्नु हामी सबैकाे दायित्व र कर्तव्य रहन्छ । व्यवहारिकरूपमा समय व्यवस्थापन गर्न गाह्रो हुन सक्छ । तर यो अक्सर व्यक्तिमा निर्भर हुने गर्दछ । हामीले कुनै पनि कार्यहरू अझ कुशलतापूर्वक र कम समयमा पूरा गर्न समयकाे उचित व्यवस्थापनकाे खाँचाे पर्दछ । यसरी अगाडि बढ्याैँ भने लक्ष्यहरू प्राप्त गर्न मद्दत मिल्न सक्छ । व्यक्तिगत र संगठनात्मक उद्देश्यहरू पूरा गर्न होस्, हरेक कुरा सही समयमा सम्पन्न गर्न होस् र सही दिशानिर्देशमा गरिने काम व्यवस्थित रूपमा गर्न हाेस् । यी र यस्ता सबै किसिमका कार्यहरूलाई व्यवस्थापन गर्न पनि समयकाे सही व्यवस्थापनकाे जरुरत पर्ने गर्छ । 
प्रत्येक क्षेत्रका व्यक्तिहरूले आफ्नो समयको उचित व्यवस्थापन गर्न महत्त्वपूर्ण छ ताकि उनीहरूले आफ्ना परिवार र समुदायलाई उत्कृष्ट सेवा र सहयाेग  प्रदान गर्न सकुन् । सफलता प्राप्ति भनेकाे राम्रो समय व्यवस्थापनकाे कौशल परिणाम  हाे । निश्चित गर्नुहोस् कि तपाईंले समयलाई बुद्धिमानीपूर्वक प्रयोग गर्नुभयो भने भविष्यमा उत्कृष्ट जीवन प्राप्त गर्न सक्नुहुने छ। विद्यार्थी सही शिक्षा र परीक्षामा उत्तीर्ण हुनका लागि आफ्नाे पढाइ तथा समय तालिका पालना गर्न आवश्यक छ। हामी समय व्यवस्थित गराैँ ताकि प्रत्येक विषय क्षेत्रहरू कुशल र प्रभावकारी आधारबाट अगाडि बढाेस् । समय आफ्नै गतिमा चलिरहन्छ । यो कहिल्यै रोकिदैन। समय पछाडि जाँदैन । यो केवल अगाडि बढ्छ । समय व्यवस्थापन भनेको अनावश्यक काममा समय खेर फाल्नु होइन तर सही समयमा सही काम गर्नु हो । कार्यको सूची तयार गरी क्रमशः प्राथमिकताका आधारमा ती कार्यहरू सम्पन्न गर्न आवश्यक छ । 
जब म चाँडै उठ्छु । म मेरो कामलाई स-साना भागहरूमा विभाजन गर्छु र महत्त्वअनुसार प्राथमिकता दिन्छु। त्यसपछि म समय व्यवस्थापन गर्न फोन, इमेल, च्याट, आदि जस्ता विषयहरूमा समय खेर फाल्दिनँ । प्राथमिकता आधारमा  समय व्यवस्थापन गर्न सकिन्छ । कुनै पनि नयाँ परियोजना सुरु गर्दा, योजना तथा लक्ष्य तय गर्न महत्त्वपूर्ण छ । तिनीहरूको महत्त्वको आधारमा हामीले कार्यहरूको सूचीमा कामहरूलाई क्रमबद्ध गर्नुपर्छ । प्रत्येक हप्ता पूरा गर्नुपर्ने कार्यहरूको सूची बनाउँदा आफ्नो लक्ष्य र कार्यहरूमा सफलता हासिल गर्न सकिन्छ । आफ्नो लक्ष्य र कार्यहरूलाई स्पष्टरूपमा सूचीबद्ध गर्न आवश्यक छ । यसले महत्त्वपूर्ण कार्य सहज गर्न सकिन्छ । अत: म धेरै महत्त्वपूर्ण कार्यहरूको लागि धेरै समय छुट्याउन प्रयास गर्छु । कम महत्त्वपूर्ण कार्यहरूको लागि कम समय छुट्याउन गर्छु । सबैलाई यस्तो गर्न पनि आग्रह गर्छु ।

यो समयमा अहिले विज्ञान वरदान कि अभिशाप भन्ने कुरा हामीले एक प्रकारले सोच्दा,अहिले भइरहेका कामहरूलाई हेर्ने हाे भने वरदान मानिन्छ। यदि  विज्ञानले गरेका आविष्कार नभएको भए हामी जहाँबाट सुरु भएका थियाैँ  त्यही हुन्थ्याैँ । विज्ञान प्रविधिले गर्दा हामीले टाढा रहनुभएका  आफन्तहरूसँग इन्टरनेटको मद्दतले भिडियाे कल गरी  कुरा गर्न सक्छाैँ । टाढा हुँदा वा अफ्ट्याराे परेका बेलामा हामीले माेबाइलकाे प्रयाेग गरी त्याे समस्याकाे समाधान गर्न सक्छाैँ । धेरै मानिसहरूले इन्टरनेटको दुरुपयोग गरेर समाजमा समस्या सिर्जना गरेका हुन्छन् भने  तर सबै दोष भने विज्ञानमाथि थुपारेकाे हुन्छ । यसरी अहिले इन्टरनेटलाई विज्ञानकाे वरदान हाे । अहिले बसेका छाैँ भने इन्टरनेटको भरले बसेका छाैँ। र आज-भोलि हेर्ने हो भने इन्टरनेटले हामी मानिसलाई धेरै सहयोग पुर्याएको छ। हो! गाँउ-घरमा इन्टरनेटको प्रयोग धेरै हुदैँन, तर सहरमा भने हरेक-हरेक घरमा छ। सहरिया मानिसहरुको धनले पनि उनीहरुले इन्टरनेटको लागि खर्च गर्न सकिन्छ। अभिशापको कुरा हो भने, अहिलेको धेरै किशोरहरुले इन्टरनेटको दुरुपयोग गरेर, र त्यसले गर्दा केटा-केटीहरु बिग्रेका छन्। विज्ञानले गर्दा अहिले देश कहाँ देखि कहाँ पुगेको छ, पहिला गाँउ-घर जस्तै मानिन्थ्यो तर अहिले सहर वा सहरको मान्छे भनिन्छ। वैज्ञानिक नेपाालमा नभएको पनि अरु देशबाट नेपाललाई पनि सामानहरु पठाउदै-गर्दै गरि रहेको छ। इन्टरनेटको मदतले सबैजना अहिले धेरै ठाउँमा पुगेका छन्। हामी वा अरुले गर्दा मात्र विज्ञान  काम वा वैज्ञानिकहरुलाई अभिशा भनिन्छ। विज्ञान वरदान कि अभिशाप भन्ने कुरामा हामीले पनि धेरै कुरा गरेला छाैँ। यदि अहिले विज्ञान नभएको भए नेपाललाई मात्र होइन अरु देशहरुलाई पनि दुर दुर गर्थियो होला। नेपाल भन्दा ताढाँ बसेका आफ्ना आफन्तहरुलाई कुरा गर्न मन लागेको बेला इन्टरनेटको स्वरुप एकै चोटीमा थ्याच्च थिचेर कुरा गर्न पाइन्छ। तर कतिपय विज्ञानले गर्दा नै अहिले देशलाई घाताहरु भएको छ जस्तै बमहरु बनाउने, रासायनिक प्रतिक्रया को हानि, आदिहरुको कारणले  विज्ञान अभिशप बनिइको छ। इन्टरनेटले गर्दा अहिले कुनैपनि मानिसहरुलाई कुनै पनि कुराको कमि भएको छैन्। अहिलेको समयला त्यसलाई वरदान मानिन्छ। तर संसारलाई हेर्याै भने अहिले युक्रेन ध्वस्त भएको छ सबै कारण विज्ञान वा वैज्ञानिक कामहरुले गर्दा । अहिले ट्याक्टर, गाडि, आदिले गर्दा वनहरु पनि सक्केको छ।  हामीले इन्टरनेटको दुरुपयोग नगर्याै भने पनि हामीलाई अभिशाप होइन वरदान हो भनेर देखाउन सक्छाैँ। तर अहिले विज्ञान अभिशाप होइन वरदालन हो, किनभने यो सबै हेर्दा त वरदालन नै हो, हामी मानिसहरुले त्यसको फाइदा, दुरुपयोग गरेर मात्र त्यसलाई नराम्रो काममा चलाउछाैँ र पछि त्यसलाई नराम्रो भन्न ठाल्छाैँ। विज्ञानले गर्दा अहिले हामी देश-विदेशमा पनि घुम्न पाइरहेका छाैँ। र कुनै पढाईहरु पनि इन्टरनेटको सहयोगले नै हुन्छ जस्तै कोरोना बढेको बेला इन्टरनेटले गर्दा घर बस्दा बस्दै अन्लाइन कक्षाहरु लिन पाएका छाैँ।

Who are youths? Why do youths want to leave Nepal? Youths are “those persons falling between the ages of 15 and 24 years inclusive”( unevoc.unesco. org). So, why youths are leaving might be because of political instability, corruption, no sense of cooperation, etc and many more. It's a reality that every Nepali household has at least one person or more than one person who is either studying abroad or working abroad. It's not a new thing every youth dreams to leave this country at any cost for a better life. The nepotism we have in our country won’t let youths do anything here. There is dirty politics everywhere and everything.

Education in Nepal is miserable, only grade matters here. Facilities are insufficient, and faculty members are underpaid, taking the example of nurses. If we go and ask nurses about their salary they are only paid 10 thousand to 15 thousand in a month and if we do the same job abroad we are paid 6 thousand dollars or more than that.  Firstly, salary matters because as per people's skill knowledge and if we don't get more money than we have invested then there is no point in doing that job. We are living in the century where money speaks. World is getting expensive everyday and “ MONEY IS THE REASON WE EXIST”. Recently there were different strikes which were related to education: No proper management of universities/colleges, misbehavior of teachers and political interference have been affecting education. About 2,400 people fill out passport forms daily and the passport department prints 6,500 passports daily (RONB). Isn’t it better to earn 3 to 4 times more than we earn in Nepal? So, Why do people leave their homeland? The only reason to go abroad is to earn money, get a better life, support your parents financially and get more facilities than we get here. We have seen the life of the previous jobless frustrated youth who were trying to do something in their nation rather than doing it in other countries. We can see the reality that nothing is going to change here because youths are the ones who can bring the change but youths are never given the chance. The situation in our country has made the life of youths terrible. We live in a country where people who have political power can only do something in this nation. Here we have to wait more than 5 years to earn the same money whereas abroad we can earn within a year.  Even if they are scraping toilets for the hourly dollars or washing dishes for hourly dollars. Going abroad is not only to scrap toilets or washing dishes but it is to explore the other country, get more opportunities, self-growth, upgrade one's life, etc.

The knowledge students gain in the college/university is insufficient to motivate the youths to do something of their own. Thousands of graduates enter the job market every year, dreaming of their bright future. But their dreams break every day like the previous youth because of the lack of employment opportunities in our country and all the thousands of young people who are forced to apply abroad. And the nepotism that we have in our country might make the future of our country a frustrated jobless youth.