Written by: Pratyush Maharjan - 28022, Grade VII
Posted on: 31 May, 2022
The Earth is the only planet where living or life is possible. It is the home of all humans, plants and animals. The Earth is the third closest planet to the sun, it is the fifth-largest planet. It revolves around the sun between the planets, Venus and Mars. There are two diameters of the Earth and they are poles, the equator and their km are poles: 12,714 km, and the equator: 12,756 km. The Earth can be physically described as a round-shaped ball, divided into three main layers, and the three layers are:
1. Crust
The outermost layer of the Earth is called the core. It consists of soil, minerals, rock, water and air. The presence of nutrients, water and air favors the land of the plants. The plants support the life of other organisms. Thus, the crust of the earth supports life. The thickness of the core ranges from 5 km to 50 km.
2. Mantle
The layer of the Earth just below the crust is called the mantle. Its thickness is about 2900 km. All the materials found in this layer are in a molten state due to very high pressure and temperature. The Molten material is known as the magma temperature of this layer between 750 dc to 2500 dc.
The main minerals found in this layer are iron, magnesium, silica, etc.
3. Core
The innermost layer of the Earth is known as the core. It can be divided into two regions-outer core and the inner core.
A. Outer core
The layer of the earth which lies just below the mantle is called the outer core. The material of this layer is found in the molten state. The temperature of the outer core ranges from 2500 dc to 3000 dc. The thickness of this layer is about 2100 km.
The main minerals found in this layer are iron, cobalt, nickel etc.
B. Inner core
It forms the earth. The materials of this layer are in a solid state due to extremely high pressure from the other layers.
The thickness of this layer is about 1300 km. The temperature of this layer ranges from 3000 dc to 5000 dc.
The density of the inner core is about five times more than the density of the crust. This layer also contains the minerals like cobalt, nickel etc.
